Biomechanical Analysis of Football Neck Collars

Rowson, Steven; McNeely, David; Brolinson, P. Gunnar; Duma, Stefan M.

doi:10.1097/jsm.0b013e31817f016a

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Traditionally, it has been challenging to account for all the scenarios in sports that can cause injury in a laboratory testing. 41,42,44 This is a result of not knowing the true exposure of impact, as well as the vast amount of possible scenarios in sports. The STAR evaluation system generalizes all possible head impacts in football into 24 NOCSAE-style drop tests, which consists of four impact locations and six impact severities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the STAR Evaluation System for Football Helmets: Integrating Player Head Impact Exposure and Risk of Concussion

2011

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In contrast to the publicly available data on the safety of automobiles, consumers have no analytical mechanism to evaluate the protective performance of football helmets. The objective of this article is to fill this void by introducing a new equation that can be used to evaluate helmet performance by integrating player head impact exposure and risk of concussion. The Summation of Tests for the Analysis of Risk (STAR) equation relates on-field impact exposure to a series of 24 drop tests performed at four impact locations and six impact energy levels. Using 62,974 head acceleration data points collected from football players, the number of impacts experienced for one full season was translated to 24 drop test configurations. A new injury risk function was developed from 32 measured concussions and associated exposure data to assess risk of concussion for each impact. Finally, the data from all 24 drop tests is combined into one number using the STAR formula that incorporates the predicted exposure and injury risk for one player for one full season of practices and games. The new STAR evaluation equation will provide consumers with a meaningful metric to assess the relative performance of football helmets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the STAR Evaluation System for Football Helmets: Integrating Player Head Impact Exposure and Risk of Concussion

2011

Self Cite

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“…These risk functions can be augmented by combining additional testing, which will provide an increased sample size, with a better understanding of exposure and incidence to strengthen the probabilistic analyses used to predict injury Klinich et al, 2008;Rowson and Duma, 2011;Rowson et al, 2012). Finally, the biomechanical engineer can then develop and design the optimal protective restraint system in order to minimize the risk for a given threshold (Rowson et al, 2008;Rowson et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic material properties of the pregnant human uterus

Manoogian

Bisplinghoff

Kemper

et al. 2012

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…95,96,[101][102][103] Although there is some evidence that neck rolls and cowboy collars can reduce movement of the head and neck, there is limited evidence regarding their effect on the incidence of burners or stingers, injuries to the nerve of the upper arm that result in a burning or stinging sensation. [104][105][106] Because neck rolls limit extension of the neck, they may, theoretically, interfere with the ability of the proper head-up tackling technique.…”

Section: Rule Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling in Youth Football

Brenner¹,

LaBella²,

Brooks³

et al. 2015

Pediatrics

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American football remains one of the most popular sports for young athletes. The injuries sustained during football, especially those to the head and neck, have been a topic of intense interest recently in both the public media and medical literature. The recognition of these injuries and the potential for longterm sequelae have led some physicians to call for a reduction in the number of contact practices, a postponement of tackling until a certain age, and even a ban on high school football. This statement reviews the literature regarding injuries in football, particularly those of the head and neck, the relationship between tackling and football-related injuries, and the potential effects of limiting or delaying tackling on injury risk.

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Biomechanical Analysis of Football Neck Collars

Abstract: These reductions in loads correlate with the degree to which each collar restricted the motion of the head and neck. By restricting the range of motion of the neck and redistributing load to the shoulders, neck loads can be effectively lowered.

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

Development of the STAR Evaluation System for Football Helmets: Integrating Player Head Impact Exposure and Risk of Concussion

Development of the STAR Evaluation System for Football Helmets: Integrating Player Head Impact Exposure and Risk of Concussion

Dynamic material properties of the pregnant human uterus

Tackling in Youth Football

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