Biomechanical adaptations for burrowing in the incisor enamel microstructure of Geomyidae and Heteromyidae (Rodentia: Geomyoidea)

Kalthoff, Daniela C.; Mörs, Thomas

doi:10.1002/ece3.7765

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Incisor enamel microstructure does not support a phylogenetic relationship of Eomyidae with either Geomyidae, Heteromyidae, Heliscomyidae, or Florentiamyidae (Figure 6). Highly derived, longitudinal HSB as present in Eomyidae as early as late Eocene (Duchesnean/Chadronian) occur in none of these families (Kalthoff, 2000; Kalthoff & Mörs, 2021; Wahlert, 1968, 1983) nor do longitudinal HSB occur at that stratigraphic level in any other clades discussed by Wilson (1949). Instead, all analysed taxa of these families show a moderately derived schmelzmuster having transversally oriented HSB with a two‐ or one‐fold PI and the PE consists of radial enamel (schmelzmuster types 2 and 3 sensu Kalthoff, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Instead, all analysed taxa of these families show a moderately derived schmelzmuster having transversally oriented HSB with a two‐ or one‐fold PI and the PE consists of radial enamel (schmelzmuster types 2 and 3 sensu Kalthoff, 2000). In turn, Kalthoff and Mörs (2021) report a zone of highly derived modified radial enamel occurring exclusively in the PI of Geomyoidea (Geomyidae and Heteromyidae) but not in related Geomorpha, such as Heliscomyidae and Florentiamyidae, and it also is absent from Eomyidae. In sum, our incisor enamel microstructure results support the view that Eomyidae should be places outside Geomorpha.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arrow indicates longitudinal edge where present. All cross sections are shown as left side and drawn to scale F I G U R E 6 Schematic drawings of schmelzmuster present in lower incisors of Eomyidae, Pipestoneomyidae (results from Korth & Emry, 2013), Geomyoidea (results from Kalthoff & Mörs, 2021), Florentiamyidae (results from Wahlert, 1983), and Heliscomyidae (results from Kalthoff & Mörs, 2021). The schmelzmuster are ordered with regard to their evolutionary level; the stratigraphic appearance of a schmelzmuster refers to analysed material of unambiguously identified taxa of the particular clade.…”

Section: Thickness Of the Enamel Band And Of Its Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incisor enamel microstructure places New and Old World Eomyidae outside Geomorpha (Rodentia, Mammalia)

Kalthoff

Fejfar²,

Kimura

et al. 2022

Zoologica Scripta

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The lower incisor enamel microstructure of the fossil rodent family Eomyidae was believed to be three‐layered and highly derived but rather uniform throughout the clade. Here, we describe a new four‐layered schmelzmuster in Eomyidae consisting of a three‐fold portio interna with longitudinal oriented, uniserial Hunter‐Schreger bands and a one‐fold portio externa, accounting for a unique enamel microstructure character combination in Rodentia. This new schmelzmuster type has developed early in eomyid evolution and is detectable already in the late Eocene (Chadronian) of North America. In European eomyids, it first occurs in the early Miocene (MN 3), implying that this four‐layered schmelzmuster was not present in all members of the family but restricted to species included in Eomyini and some genera currently considered Eomyidae incertae sedis within Eomyidae. Additionally, our analysis recognizes three taxa with schmelzmuster divergent from all other eomyids. Incisor enamel microstructure does not advocate a close phylogenetic relationship of Eomyidae to either fossil or extant Heteromyidae and Geomyidae, nor to fossil Heliscomyidae and Florentiamyidae. Our results rather support the view that Eomyidae are placed outside Geomorpha.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thickness Of the Enamel Band And Of Its Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incisor enamel microstructure places New and Old World Eomyidae outside Geomorpha (Rodentia, Mammalia)

Kalthoff

Fejfar²,

Kimura

et al. 2022

Zoologica Scripta

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Section: Organization Of Biomineralized Materials: Universality–diver...mentioning

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Biomineralized Materials as Model Systems for Structural Composites: 3D Architecture

Jia

Deng

2022

Advanced Materials

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Biomineralized materials are sophisticated material systems with hierarchical 3D material architectures, which are broadly used as model systems for fundamental mechanical, materials science, and biomimetic studies. The current knowledge of the structure of biological materials is mainly based on 2D imaging, which often impedes comprehensive and accurate understanding of the materials’ intricate 3D microstructure and consequently their mechanics, functions, and bioinspired designs. The development of 3D techniques such as tomography, additive manufacturing, and 4D testing has opened pathways to study biological materials fully in 3D. This review discusses how applying 3D techniques can provide new insights into biomineralized materials that are either well known or possess complex microstructures that are challenging to understand in the 2D framework. The diverse structures of biomineralized materials are characterized based on four universal structural motifs. Nacre is selected as an example to demonstrate how the progression of knowledge from 2D to 3D can bring substantial improvements to understanding the growth mechanism, biomechanics, and bioinspired designs. State‐of‐the‐art multiscale 3D tomographic techniques are discussed with a focus on their integration with 3D geometric quantification, 4D in situ experiments, and multiscale modeling. Outlook is given on the emerging approaches to investigate the synthesis–structure–function–biomimetics relationship.

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Unraveling the orientation-dependent mechanics of dental enamel in the red-necked wallaby

Wilmers,

Wurmshuber,

Gescher

et al. 2024

Acta Biomaterialia

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Biomechanical adaptations for burrowing in the incisor enamel microstructure of Geomyidae and Heteromyidae (Rodentia: Geomyoidea)

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Incisor enamel microstructure places New and Old World Eomyidae outside Geomorpha (Rodentia, Mammalia)

Incisor enamel microstructure places New and Old World Eomyidae outside Geomorpha (Rodentia, Mammalia)

Biomineralized Materials as Model Systems for Structural Composites: 3D Architecture

Unraveling the orientation-dependent mechanics of dental enamel in the red-necked wallaby

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