Biome-Bgc: Modeling Effects of Disturbance and Climate (Thornton Et Al. 2002)

Thornton, P.E.

doi:10.3334/ornldaac/806

Cited by 25 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…The basis of our method is that many FRBs with measured redshifts and DMs may be observed in a wide redshift range (i.e., 0 < z < 3) in the future. This is possible because of the high rate of FRBs, which is about 10 4 sky −1 day −1 (Thornton et al 2013). Although some authors have used FRBs as cosmological probes (Zhou et al 2014;Gao, Li, & Zhang 2014), they only considered DMs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following Thornton et al (2013) and numerical simulations of McQuinn (2014), we chose σ DM loc = 100 pc/cm 3 and σ DM IGM = 200 pc/cm 3 in the following analysis. These uncertainties are nuisance parameters in an analysis.…”

Section: Main Ideamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When enough FRBs with redshifts are observed, the d P − z relation can be derived from the DM IGM − z relation. Based on the high FRB rate 10 4 sky −1 day −1 (Thornton et al 2013), a large sample of FRBs may be collected in the future, which will become the basis of FRB cosmology.…”

Section: Main Ideamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the redshift measurement of the source gives information on the expansion of the Universe. For an FRB, the DM can be measured directly (Lorimer et al 2007;Thornton et al 2013), which has been proposed for cosmological purposes (Zhou et al 2014;Gao, Li, & Zhang 2014;Lorimer 2016). Its redshift can be estimated by observing its host galaxy or afterglow (Lorimer 2016;Tendulkar et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to now, no practical method to measure the proper distance has been found. Fortunately, the discovery of fast radio bursts (FRBs) (Lorimer et al 2007;Thornton et al 2013) and their redshifts (Chatterjee et al 2017;Tendulkar et al 2017) sheds light on deriving the proper distance-redshift relation. A radio signal traveling through plasma exhibits a quadratic shift in its arrival time as a function of frequency, which is known as the dispersion measure (DM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring the cosmic proper distance from fast radio bursts

Wang

2017

A&A

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The cosmic proper distance d P is a fundamental distance in the Universe. Unlike the luminosity and angular diameter distances, which correspond to the angular size, the proper distance is the length of light path from the source to observer. However, the proper distance has not been measured before. The recent redshift measurement of a repeat fast radio burst (FRB) can shed light on the proper distance. We show that the proper distance-redshift relation can indeed be derived from dispersion measures (DMs) of FRBs with measured redshifts. From Monte Carlo simulations, we find that about 500 FRBs with DM and redshift measurements can tightly constrain the proper distance-redshift relation. We also show that the curvature of our Universe can be constrained with a model-independent method using this derived proper distance-redshift relation and the observed angular diameter distances. Owing to the high event rate of FRBs, hundreds of FRBs can be discovered in the future by upcoming instruments. The proper distance will play an important role in investigating the accelerating expansion and the geometry of the Universe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Ideamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Ideamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring the cosmic proper distance from fast radio bursts

Wang

2017

A&A

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Trade‐offs in habitat use and occupancy of bats across the gradient of urbanization and seasons

Dwyer,

Moore,

Lewis

2024

Ecosphere

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Urbanization that occurs across a gradient from low‐ to high‐density development, is a primary driver of landscape change that can affect biodiversity. Animals balance trade‐offs in obtaining resources and avoiding anthropogenic disturbances across the gradient of urbanization to maximize their fitness. However, additional research is necessary to understand seasonal variations in how animals respond to urbanization, particularly in arid regions, where resource availability shifts drastically across seasons. Our objective was to evaluate the response of a suite of bat species to urbanization and whether species shift their response to urbanization across seasons. We predicted that the response of bats to urbanization would differ among species, with some species being more sensitive to urbanization than others. We also predicted that bat species would increase the use of moderate and highly urbanized areas in the summer season where food and water resources were assumed to be greater compared with wildland areas. To evaluate these predictions, we used a stratified random sampling design to sample 50 sites with stationary acoustic bat monitors across the gradient of urbanization in the Phoenix metropolitan area, Arizona, USA during four seasons. We identified a total of 14 bat species during 1000 survey nights. Consistent with predictions, bat species exhibited different responses to urbanization, with most species exhibiting a negative relationship with urbanization, and some species exhibiting a quadratic or positive relationship with urbanization. Counter to predictions, most species did not appear to shift their response to urbanization across seasons. Consistent with predictions, plant productivity and water were important for some species in the summer season. Differences in the response of bat species to urbanization was likely related to species traits (e.g., wing morphology and echolocation call characteristics) and behavioral strategies that influence a species' sensitivity to anthropogenic disturbances and ability to access available resources in urbanized areas. Ultimately, to promote the management and conservation of bats, it is likely important to maintain resources in urbanized areas for bats that are more tolerant of urbanization and to conserve areas of undeveloped high‐quality habitat with low anthropogenic disturbance in wildland areas for bats that are sensitive to urbanization.

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Novel application of a process convolution approach for calibrating output from numerical models

et al. 2023

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Output from numerical models at high spatial and temporal resolutions is critical for modeling applications in a variety of disciplines. Prior to its use in modeling, output from climate models must be brought to a finer spatial resolution and calibrated with respect to observations. The calibration of model output, referred to as bias‐correction, poses many statistical challenges. Here, we develop a bias‐correction method in which systematic biases in the mean and standard deviation of model output are corrected. In addition, we employ a novel process convolution approach to correct bias in temporal dependence. We apply this approach to temperature simulations generated by a regional climate model over the Northeastern USA. The goal of this study was to correct systematic bias in model simulations over historical (1976–2005) and future (2006–2099) time periods while simultaneously preserving future trends resulting from carbon emissions scenarios. We compare the proposed method to a quantile mapping method (empirical quantile mapping, EQM). The proposed method resulted in a more effective correction of seasonal biases and temporal dependence compared to EQM.

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Biome-Bgc: Modeling Effects of Disturbance and Climate (Thornton Et Al. 2002)

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Measuring the cosmic proper distance from fast radio bursts

Measuring the cosmic proper distance from fast radio bursts

Trade‐offs in habitat use and occupancy of bats across the gradient of urbanization and seasons

Novel application of a process convolution approach for calibrating output from numerical models

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