Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges
Sarah Aqel,
Najlaa Al-Thani,
Mohammad Z. Haider
et al.
Abstract:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and long-term impairment globally. TBI has a dynamic pathology, encompassing a variety of metabolic and molecular events that occur in two phases: primary and secondary. A forceful external blow to the brain initiates the primary phase, followed by a secondary phase that involves the release of calcium ions (Ca2+) and the initiation of a cascade of inflammatory processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, a rise in oxidative stress, activation of … Show more
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