Biomaterial adherent macrophage apoptosis is increased by hydrophilic and anionic substratesinvivo

Abstract

An in vivo rat cage implant system was used to identify potential surface chemistries that prevent failure of implanted biomedical devices and prostheses by limiting monocyte adhesion and macrophage fusion into foreign-body giant cells while inducing adherent-macrophage apoptosis. Hydrophobic, hydrophilic, anionic, and cationic surfaces were used for implantation. Analysis of the exudate surrounding the materials revealed no differences between surfaces in the types or levels of cells present. Conversely, the proportion of adherent cells undergoing apoptosis was increased significantly on anionic and hydrophilic surfaces (46 ؎ 3.7 and 57 ؎ 5.0%, respectively) when compared with the polyethylene terephthalate base surface. Additionally, hydrophilic and anionic substrates provided decreased rates of monocyte͞macro-phage adhesion and fusion. These studies demonstrate that biomaterial-adherent cells undergo material-dependent apoptosis in vivo, rendering potentially harmful macrophages nonfunctional while the surrounding environment of the implant remains unaffected.

The role of poly(acrylic acid) in conventional glass polyalkenoate cements

“…Many studies have been performed in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the biocompatibility of PAAbased systems. A study by Brodbeck et al [95] demonstrated that PAA could prevent the failure of implanted biomedical devices by limiting macrophage fusion and monocyte adhesion in vivo using the rat cage implant system. Other studies [96,97] have also commented on the anti-corrosion performance of the PAA, the ability to functionalize such water-soluble polymers with bioactive molecules and their compatibility towards human osteoblast-like cells.…”

Integrin binding specificity regulates biomaterial surface chemistry effects on cell differentiation

“…cell adhesion ͉ signaling ͉ osteoblast ͉ mineralization B iomaterial surface chemistry modulates in vitro and in vivo cellular responses, including adhesion, survival, cell cycle progression, and expression of differentiated phenotypes (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). These cell-material interactions regulate cell and host responses to implanted devices, biological integration of biomaterials and tissue-engineered constructs, and the performance of cell arrays and biotechnological cell culture supports (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

“…These cell-material interactions regulate cell and host responses to implanted devices, biological integration of biomaterials and tissue-engineered constructs, and the performance of cell arrays and biotechnological cell culture supports (9)(10)(11)(12). For instance, anionic and neutral hydrophilic surfaces increase macrophage͞ monocyte apoptosis and reduce macrophage fusion to modulate inflammatory responses to implanted materials (8). The effects of biomaterial surface properties on cellular responses are generally attributed to material-dependent differences in adsorbed protein species, concentration, and͞or biological activity.…”

Multifuctional Nanofilm for Stimulating Bone Cell Attachment, Proliferation and Preventing Bacterial Colonization

“…For instance, cell adhesion to orthopedic implant surfaces may regulate cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [25,26], and consequently impacts osseointegration; osseointegration requires secure and strong attachment and growth of bone cells on the surgically implanted devices [4,5]. In this study, we successfully incorporated RGD, a cell-adhesive ligand, TGF-β1, a growth factor, and gentamicin, a common antibiotic, into one single nanofilm on orthopedic implant models, and we showed that the incorporation of the three drugs could be controlled by tuning the preparation variables including the assembly layers and incubation time ( Figure 1B and 1C); the combination of these three drugs within a single nanofilm was intended to achieve improved cell adhesion and growth and meanwhile to inhibit implant-associated infection thereby achieving improved osseointegration and long-lasting implantation.…”