Biomass yield and quality of 20 switchgrass populations in southern Iowa, USA

Lemus, Rocky; Brummer, E. Charles; Moore, Kenneth J.; Molstad, Neil E.; Burras, C. Lee; Barker, Mike

doi:10.1016/s0961-9534(02)00073-9

Cited by 281 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Similar to our findings, ash contents for Cave-in-Rock (6.0 %) and Carthage (6.4 %) did not differ, but our ash contents of 5.8 % were much higher than theirs at 2 %. Lemus et al [19] showed average ash contents of 6.1 % across 20 cultivars in the Midwestern USA, very close to our ash contents that ranged from 5.3 to 6.3 %. Our data for switchgrass aNDF varied between 76.9 and 84.0 %, which is very similar to those of Lemus et al [19] who showed a mean of 73.7 % across 20 cultivars grown in Iowa.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Experiments 1: Differences In Chemicalsupporting

confidence: 91%

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

et al. 2015

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Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a warmseason perennial grass, is an important bioenergy crop candidate because it produces high biomass yields on marginal lands and on reclaimed surface mined sites. In companion studies, dry matter (DM) yields for Cave-inRock, Shawnee, and Carthage cultivars varied from 4.2 to 13.0 Mg ha −1 averaged over 6 years at the reclaimed Hampshire site, and fertilization increased yields of Cave-in-Rock at Black Castle and Coal Mac sites from 0.3 to 2 Mg ha −1 during the first 3 years. The objective of these experiments was to compare the impacts of cultivar and soil amendments on biomass quality and theoretical ethanol production of switchgrass grown on surface mines with differing soil characteristics. Biomass quality was determined for fiber, ash, lignin, digestibility, and carbohydrate contents via near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy, and carbohydrates were used to calculate theoretical ethanol yield (TEY; L Mg −1 ) and multiplied by biomass yield to calculate theoretical ethanol production (TEP; L ha −1 ). Cultivars at the Hampshire site did not differ in TEY and ranged from 426 to 457 L Mg −1 . Theoretical ethanol production from Cave-in-Rock at Hampshire was 7350 L ha −1 , which was higher than other cultivars because of its greater biomass production. This TEP was higher than in other studies which predicted 4000 to 5000 L ha −1 . At the Black Castle and Coal Mac sites, fertilizer applications slightly affected biomass quality of switchgrass and TEY, but provided greater TEP as a function of increased yield. Similar to other findings, total switchgrass biomass production has more impact than compositional differences on TEP, so maximizing biomass production is critical for maximizing potential biofuel production. With appropriate soil substrates, fertilization, planning, and management, large areas of reclaimed surface mines can be converted to switchgrass stands to produce high biomass quality and yields to support a bioethanol industry.

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Section: Results and Discussion Experiments 1: Differences In Chemicalsupporting

confidence: 91%

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

et al. 2015

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“…In addition to continued gains simply from using best management practices, further yield gains could come from changing cultivars. We showed that Cave-In-Rock, the currently recommended variety for southern Iowa, yielded substantially less than lowland cultivars including 'Alamo' or 'Kanlow' [18]. We are encouraged that our yield at Lucas in 2002 (8.5 mg ha À1 ) is very close to the average yield of Cave-In-Rock (9.3 mg ha À1 ) we obtained in small plot trials several miles from the farm used in this experiment.…”

Section: Biomass Yieldsupporting

confidence: 53%

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on biomass yield and quality in large fields of established switchgrass in southern Iowa, USA

Lemus

Brummer

Burras

et al. 2008

Biomass and Bioenergy

178

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“…Different letters denote significant differences at 0.05 level of probability. NS indicates not significant at 0.05 level of probability Lemus et al [15] who reported higher cellulose and hemicellulose concentrations in Alamo compared with the upland cultivars Blackwell and Cave-In-Rock in Iowa. The difference in cellulose concentrations between the upland and lowland cultivars may also impact biomass conversion processes and product yield.…”

Section: (C)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Switchgrass Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer Across Diverse Environments in the USA: a Regional Feedstock Partnership Report

et al. 2014

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The Regional Feedstock Partnership is a collaborative effort between the Sun Grant Initiative (through Land Grant Universities), the US Department of Energy, and the US Department of Agriculture. One segment of this partnership is the field-scale evaluation of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) in diverse sites across the USA. Switchgrass was planted (11.2 kg PLS ha −1 ) in replicated plots in New York, Oklahoma, South Dakota, and Virginia in 2008 and in Iowa in 2009. Adapted switchgrass cultivars were selected for each location and baseline soil samples collected before planting. Nitrogen fertilizer (0, 56, and 112 kg N ha −1 ) was applied each spring beginning the year after planting, and switchgrass was harvested once annually after senescence. Establishment, management, and harvest operations were completed using fieldscale equipment. Switchgrass production ranged from 2 to 11.5 Mg ha −1 across locations and years. Yields were lowest the first year after establishment. Switchgrass responded positively to N in 6 of 19 location/year combinations and there was one location/year combination (NY in Year 2) where a significant negative response was noted. Initial soil N levels were lowest in SD and VA (significant N response) and highest at the other three locations (no N response). Although N rate affected some measures of biomass quality (N and hemicellulose), location and year had greater overall effects on all quality parameters evaluated. These results demonstrate the importance of local field-scale research and of proper N management in order to reduce unnecessary expense and potential environmental impacts of switchgrass grown for bioenergy.

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Biomass yield and quality of 20 switchgrass populations in southern Iowa, USA

Cited by 281 publications

References 20 publications

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on biomass yield and quality in large fields of established switchgrass in southern Iowa, USA

Switchgrass Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer Across Diverse Environments in the USA: a Regional Feedstock Partnership Report

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