Biomass-Tuned Reduced Graphene Oxide@Zn/Cu: Benign Materials for the Cleanup of Selected Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Water

Abstract

The persistent increase in the amount of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen (IBP) and diclofenac (DCF) in water bodies is alarming, thereby calling for a need to be addressed. To address this challenge, a bimetallic (copper and zinc) plantain-based adsorbent (CZPP) and reduced graphene oxide modified form (CZPPrgo) was prepared by facile synthesis for the removal of ibuprofen (IBP) and diclofenac (DCF) in water. Both the CZPP and CZPPrgo were characterized by different techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and pHpzc analysis. FTIR and XRD confirmed the successful synthesis of the CZPP and CZPPrgo. The adsorption of the contaminants was carried out in a batch system, and several operational variables were optimized. The adsorption is affected by the initial concentration of the pollutants (5–30 mg·L–1), the adsorbent dose (0.05–0.20 g), and pH (2.0–12.0). The CZPPrgo has the best performance with maximum adsorption capacities of 148 and 146 mg·g–1 for removing IBP and DCF from water, respectively. The experimental data were fitted into different kinetic and isotherm models; the removal of IBP and DCF follows the pseudo-second order, which can be best explained by the Freundlich isotherm model. The reuse efficiency was above 80% even after four adsorption cycles. This shows that the CZPPrgo is a promising adsorbent for removing IBP and DCF in water.

Sequestration of steroidal estrogen in aqueous samples using an adsorption mechanism: a systemic scientometric review

“…35,36 The major shortcomings of these technologies are the high cost of operation and the production of secondary by-products, which may be more toxic and complex. 37,38…”

“…35,36 The major shortcomings of these technologies are the high cost of operation and the production of secondary by-products, which may be more toxic and complex. 37,38 According to research reported by various scientists over the years, adsorption techniques have proven to be one of the most promising approaches for removing SEs from water because they are cheap, easy, environmentally benign and do not lead to the production of secondary by-products. 27,38 This paper presents a review of the use of adsorption technology for the removal of SEs from water; it comprehensively examines the old status, current status and the future of this research topic through a detailed systemic review and largescale bibliometric analysis performed based on information search on the ISI web of science search engine using the keywords "steroid estrogen (s)", "removal", "adsorbents", article citation, author's collaboration, country, annual outputs, etc., with the majority of published research works spanning the last 50 years (1973-2022).…”

A review on the versatility of Carica papaya seed: an agrogenic waste for the removal of organic, inorganic and microbial contaminants in water

“…TrOCs include herbicides, pharmaceuticals, antibiotics, personal care products, steroid hormones, parabens, anions, and toxins produced by bacteria. Some of these contaminants are toxic to aquatic and human life at low concentrations owing to their mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity 10‐13 . The associated effects of these contaminants include impaired reproductive ability, disrupted endocrine system and sometimes death 14‐17 …”

“…Some of these contaminants are toxic to aquatic and human life at low concentrations owing to their mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. [10][11][12][13] The associated effects of these contaminants include impaired reproductive ability, disrupted endocrine system and sometimes death. [14][15][16][17] Heavy metals, which include lead, mercury, copper, zinc, chromium, cadmium and arsenic, are non-biodegradable, which leads to their accumulation in the environment 4 and may be passed along the food chain.…”

One‐Pot Synthesis of ZnO‐Activated Eggshell@kaolinite: Sorbents for Phosphate Capture in Water

“…Different technologies have been explored for the sequestration of dissolved phosphate from water, which include advanced biological treatment, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, electrodialysis, membrane filtration, electro-coagulation, and adsorption [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The major shortcomings of some of these techniques include the operational cost, difficulties in operation, and limited versatility.…”