Biomass Gasification Integrated with Chemical Looping System for Hydrogen and Power. Coproduction Process – Thermodynamic and Techno‐Economic Assessment

Abstract

Three biomass gasification-based hydrogen and power coproduction processes are modeled with Aspen Plus. Case 1 is the conventional biomass gasification coupled with a shift reactor, cases 2 and 3 involve integration of biomass gasification with iron-based and calcium-based chemical looping systems. The effects of important process parameters on the performance indicators such as hydrogen yield and efficiencies are evaluated by sensitivity analyses. These parameters include gasification temperature, molar ratios of steam to biomass in the gasifier, Fe 2 O 3 to syngas in the fuel reactor, Fe/FeO to steam in the steam reactor, CaO to CO, and steam to CO in the carbonator. The energy and exergy balance distributions for the above three cases are comprehensively discussed and compared. Furthermore, techno-economic assessments are performed to evaluate the three cases in terms of capital cost, operating cost, and leveled cost of energy.

Decarbonising Industry via BECCS: Promising Sectors, Challenges, and Techno-economic Limits of Negative Emissions

“…The chemical sector emitted 1.4 Gt CO 2 in 2018 from direct energy use and process emissions [6], but half of its carbon inputs leaves as products, such as fuels, fertilisers, and olefins, which then release CO 2 during use or disposal. Both CCS integration and biobased production are under development to reduce the net CO 2 of chemical production [6], and some biobased production pathways also integrate CCS into their designs, aiming for carbon-neutral [58•, 64•] or carbon-negative [65][66][67][68][69][70][71] production.…”

“…The majority of these studies focus on biomass gasification technologies [58•, 64•, 66-68, 72-74]. Biomass gasification breaks the biomass into its component parts (H 2 , H 2 O, CO, CO 2 ), followed by catalytic processes to reassemble these components into the desired hydrocarbons, such as diesel and kerosene [73] or methanol and olefins [67][68][69]73]. As CO 2 removal is typically a necessary step before catalytic reassembly, capturing the CO 2 for storage represents a relatively minor addition to the proposed process.…”

“…Carbon storage in concrete [62•] or buried biochar [79] may also result in long-term storage, though biochar carbon may be partially re-released over time, and carbon storage in concrete is dependent on how the concrete is disposed. In contrast, carbon in short-lived products such as urea, paper products, or olefins, as considered in [44,59,[67][68][69], will rerelease CO 2 during use or disposal, and thus, carbon in these products should not be counted towards negative emissions.…”

Flowsheet Modeling and Simulation of Biomass Steam Gasification for Hydrogen Production

“…Jiang el al. performed the techno‐economic assessment for capital cost and operation cost for a biomass gasification‐based hydrogen and power production plant.…”

Effect of Single‐ and Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes with Activated Carbon on Hydrogen Storage

“…In the meantime, carbon nanotubes were addressed. According to the fact that carbon nanotubes have high chemical stability, high surface, and are also void, the nanometric microstructures can be a certain intermediator to store other materials 24–28.…”