Biomass gasification in a downdraft gasifier with a two-stage air supply: Effect of operating conditions on gas quality

Galindo, Ana Lisbeth; Lora, Electo Eduardo Silva; Andrade, Rubenildo Vieira; Giraldo, Sandra; Jaén, René Lesme; Cobas, Vladimir Rafael Melián

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.12.017

Cited by 112 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Increasing temperatures in the drying zone affected the time to startup and evaporate the water content in the fuel becomes shorter. In Figure 3 it can be seen that the temperature increase occurs proportionally in each gasification zone (drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, reduction) along with the increase in AR and this condition can improve the process of tar cracking [11] especially at AR 90% with oxidation temperature of 913 o C.…”

Section: Figure 2 Temperature Distribution Along Gasifier (Total Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on figure 5, for ER 0.3 -0.5 with total air between 6.3 Nm 3 /h up to 10.5 Nm 3 /h indicates an increase gas composition and LHV at ER 0.4 and decrease on ER 0.5. The H2 content rises from 11.57% (ER 0.3) to 14.24% (ER 0.4) because of the occurrence of tar cracking [11] and signifies the reaction of water-gas shift occurs at high temperatures [14] then the H2 content decreases when ER 0.5 due to an increase in the hydrogen oxidation reaction. Figure 5 shown the syngas composition based on the AR variation.…”

Section: Gas Composition and Low Heating Value (Lhv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The secondary method is a method in which tar is handled after a physical gasifier or chemical process. Therefore, the primary method for tar cleaning is combined with thermal cracking, a multistage gasification system developed, which is based on injection of the gasification agent and the addition of the site from the combustion zone as for example the pyrolysis zone leads to Partial oxidation in this region resulting in high gas concentrations and very small tar content [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental investigation on multi-stage downdraft gasification: Influence of air ratio and equivalent ratio to the gasifier performance

Saleh¹,

Sudarmanta²

2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Multi-stage gasification process adding multiple air injection (at pyrolysis and oxidation) to reduce tar content and improve the efficiency. all components of the fuel can decompose perfectly into pyrolysis products and the total pyrolysis product also increases. The mean temperatures in the pyrolysis zone are respectively between 569 o C and 633 o C for the 0% and 90% Air Ratios. Temperature increases in the pyrolysis zone change the nature of the endothermal into exothermal and providing the heat energy for the drying, oxidation and reduction zones. While the temperature of the partial oxidation zone reaches 858 o C. For a total air flow of 10.5 Nm 3 /h with a 90% air ratio, the gasifier can produce a low tar content of 32.27 mg/Nm 3 when compared to 0% air ratio of 106.5 mg/Nm 3 . This result shown that multi-stage gasifier can reduce tar content by 30%.

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Section: Figure 2 Temperature Distribution Along Gasifier (Total Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gas Composition and Low Heating Value (Lhv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental investigation on multi-stage downdraft gasification: Influence of air ratio and equivalent ratio to the gasifier performance

Saleh¹,

Sudarmanta²

2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…To produce the lowest tar content, the ER value was 0.32 while to generate the highest gasification efficiency and gas energy levels, the ER value range was 0.250.27. 7 Galindo et al, 2014 With a supply air debit of 20 Nm 3 /h and ratio of 80%, syngas with 87% tar content reduction was obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The downdraft type was chosen because of its efficiency to reduce tar and because air supply is implemented to achieve a higher temperature in the pyrolysis zone. The addition varied from secondary to tertiary air (Galindo et al, 2014;Guo et al, 2014). By appropriate Air Ratio (AR) selection, air could be transferred into the pyrolysis zone so that flaming pyrolysis could be achieved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Fixed Bed Downdraft Reactor for Rice Husk Biomass Gasification using Secondary Air Intake Variation

Gibran¹,

Surjosatyo²,

Hermawan³

et al. 2018

IJTech

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Rice husk is one of the most abundant agricultural wastes in Indonesia, with an annual potency of 13,662 MWe. Using biomass gasification, it can be converted into producer gas, whose energy can be used for thermal and electrical power generation. In gasification terms, gas quality can be interpreted by tar content and gas energy. An experiment using an open top fixed bed downdraft gasifier (batch system) with double stage air supply was conducted by varying the secondary air injection position (Z) and the air ratio (AR). Tar content can be represented by flaming pyrolysis duration and gas quality by the combustion energy of the gas. Flaming pyrolysis is a phenomenon which occurs inside the reactor, where tar produced is re-cracked and dissolved into smaller compounds. This can be achieved if the pyrolysis zone temperature ranges between 500 and 800 o C. With an AR of 80%, at Z = 38 cm, flaming pyrolysis with the longest duration of 400 seconds was created, which indicated that this condition had the lowest tar content; meanwhile, at Z = 50 cm, gas with the highest energy (734.64 kJ) was obtained.

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Generation of Sustainable Energy from Agro‐Residues through Thermal Pretreatment for Developing Nations: A Review

Ibitoye

Jen

Mahamood

et al. 2021

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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Energy is a prerequisite for any nation's industrial, social, and economic advancements. [1][2][3][4] Energy can broadly be categorized into renewable and nonrenewable energies. Nonrenewable energies are energy that cannot be replenished over a short period. Examples of such energy are coal, nuclear energy, natural gas, and crude oil. Renewable energies, in contrast, are those energies that are replenishable over a short period. This form of energy includes solar, hydro, tidal, wind, biomass energy, etc. Biomass energy is the energy generated from biomass materials. Biomass material could be woody (such as teak, mahogany), nonwoody (such as agro-residues, industrial waste), and animal materials. [5] Agroresidues are described as all organic materials that are generated as byproducts from agricultural activities. These byproducts constitute the main part of biomass feedstock's total annual production, which forms an essential and sustainable source of energy for industrial and domestic applications. [6] They are material that are of benefit to humankind, though their economic benefits are less than the cost of transformation for advantageous use. [7] Agro-residues can be divided into residues generated on the field and residues generated during the processing of agricultural products. [8] Field-based residues include but are not limited to tobacco stalks, maize stalks, sugar cane tops, rice straw, soybean straw/pods, and cocoa pods. In contrast, process-based include peanuts shell, rice husk, maize cob, bagasse, and coffee husk. Agro-residues are available in large quantities in an area with a high level of agricultural activities. [9] In developing nations, major agricultural activities are recorded in the rural areas, resulting in a larger quantity of agro-residues in these areas. [10,11] Most of the time, the farmers in developing nations' dump these residues in an open field or

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Biomass gasification in a downdraft gasifier with a two-stage air supply: Effect of operating conditions on gas quality

Cited by 112 publications

References 11 publications

Experimental investigation on multi-stage downdraft gasification: Influence of air ratio and equivalent ratio to the gasifier performance

Experimental investigation on multi-stage downdraft gasification: Influence of air ratio and equivalent ratio to the gasifier performance

Optimization of Fixed Bed Downdraft Reactor for Rice Husk Biomass Gasification using Secondary Air Intake Variation

Generation of Sustainable Energy from Agro‐Residues through Thermal Pretreatment for Developing Nations: A Review

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