Biomass Energy Data Book: Edition 4

Boundy, Robert Gary; Diegel, Susan W; Wright, L.L.; Davis, Stacy Cagle

doi:10.2172/1050890

Cited by 112 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…The lower heating value of the fuel (16 000 kJ kg −1 ; Boundy et al, 2011) combined with an energy balance gives the initial temperature of the parcel (1560 K) after stoichiometric combustion. The dilution model (Eq.…”

Section: Temperature Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Plume-exit modeling to determine cloud condensation nuclei activity of aerosols from residential biofuel combustion

2017

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Abstract. Residential biofuel combustion is an important source of aerosols and gases in the atmosphere. The change in cloud characteristics due to biofuel burning aerosols is uncertain, in part, due to the uncertainty in the added number of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) from biofuel burning. We provide estimates of the CCN activity of biofuel burning aerosols by explicitly modeling plume dynamics (coagulation, condensation, chemical reactions, and dilution) in a young biofuel burning plume from emission until plume exit, defined here as the condition when the plume reaches ambient temperature and specific humidity through entrainment. We found that aerosol-scale dynamics affect CCN activity only during the first few seconds of evolution, after which the CCN efficiency reaches a constant value. Homogenizing factors in a plume are co-emission of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) or emission at small particle sizes; SVOC co-emission can be the main factor determining plume-exit CCN for hydrophobic or small particles. Coagulation limits emission of CCN to about 10 16 per kilogram of fuel. Depending on emission factor, particle size, and composition, some of these particles may not activate at low supersaturation (s sat ). Hygroscopic Aitken-mode particles can contribute to CCN through self-coagulation but have a small effect on the CCN activity of accumulation-mode particles, regardless of composition differences. Simple models (monodisperse coagulation and average hygroscopicity) can be used to estimate plume-exit CCN within about 20 % if particles are unimodal and have homogeneous composition, or when particles are emitted in the Aitken mode even if they are not homogeneous. On the other hand, if externally mixed particles are emitted in the accumulation mode without SVOCs, an average hygroscopicity overestimates emitted CCN by up to a factor of 2. This work has identified conditions under which particle populations become more homogeneous during plume processes. This homogenizing effect requires the components to be truly co-emitted, rather than sequentially emitted.

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Section: Temperature Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Plume-exit modeling to determine cloud condensation nuclei activity of aerosols from residential biofuel combustion

2017

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“…The LHV of methane at STP is equal to 50.035 GJ/t[44].b The LHV of methanol is equal to 20.094 GJ/t[44]. c The input fuel comes from NG only, no external electrical duty is assumed[12].content of CH 4 feed is reduced from 1242.7 to 924.2 tonne CO 2 /h saving 318.5 tonne CO 2 /h (…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A model-based analysis of CO2 utilization in methanol synthesis plant

Milani

Khalilpour

Zahedi³

et al. 2015

Journal of CO2 Utilization

124

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“…The volumetric LHV was determined to be 4313 kcal/L using the density of biocrude-oil (1.2 kg/L). The volumetric LHV of ethanol was 5085 kcal/L from its LHV of 6442 kcal/kg and density of 0.79 kg/L [33].…”

Section: Fuel Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Characteristics of flame stability and gaseous emission of biocrude-oil/ethanol blends in a pilot-scale spray burner

Choi

Kim

et al. 2016

Renewable Energy

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a b s t r a c tA burner system with capacity of 30,000 kcal/h was designed for the combustion of biocrude-oil and ethanol blends. An air atomizing spray nozzle with larger fuel orifice was adopted to prevent nozzle clogging, with swirl flow introduced to the combustion air for flame stabilization. Biocrude-oil was prepared from the fast pyrolysis of woody biomass and was blended with ethanol to improve flame stability and ignition characteristics. At various mixing ratios of biocrude-oil and ethanol, flame stability was determined, and gaseous emissions of CO and NO were measured. It was found that stable combustion could be achieved with up to 90 vol% of biocrude-oil. CO emissions of biocrude-oil/ethanol blends were smaller than those of pure ethanol, whereas CO concentration increased significantly in case of pure biocrude-oil due to incomplete combustion. Pollutant NO emission increased slightly with the biocrude-oil mixing ratio. The biocrude-oil burner in this study could provide a design database for industrial burner development.

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Biomass Energy Data Book: Edition 4

Cited by 112 publications

References 0 publications

Plume-exit modeling to determine cloud condensation nuclei activity of aerosols from residential biofuel combustion

Plume-exit modeling to determine cloud condensation nuclei activity of aerosols from residential biofuel combustion

A model-based analysis of CO2 utilization in methanol synthesis plant

Characteristics of flame stability and gaseous emission of biocrude-oil/ethanol blends in a pilot-scale spray burner

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