Biomass cofiring impacts on flame structure and emissions

Deposit formation and emissions from co-firing miscanthus with Daw Mill coal: Pilot plant experiments

“…1b shows that the NO concentration decreased with increasing levels of co-firing; i.e., the highest level of NO, 400 ppm, was found in 100% Daw Mill coal and the lowest level, 290 ppm, was found in 100% miscan- thus firing. Biomass addition to the coal contributes to NO x reduction due to its high content of volatile matter [4,25]. In addition, SO 2 concentration was the highest (450 ppm) when 100% Daw Mill coal was fired, whereas using 100% miscanthus resulted in the lowest level of SO 2 (10 ppm).…”

Experimental analysis of biomass co-firing flames in a pulverized fuel swirl burner using a CCD based visualization system

“…This can be explained by the existing difference on particle shape and composition between the two biomass fuels. On the one hand, particle shape of different biomasses, woody and herbaceous biomass in this case, have been proved to be quite different [36] and be responsible of changes on combustion behavior [12] as well as flame structure and emissions [17,35]. On the other hand, thermogravimetric analysis reveals very different combustion behavior [25].…”

“…Biomass co-firing impacts have been also analyzed through measurements of species concentration and particle sampling over the flame [16,17]. Volatile content of biomass fuels causes more luminous flames with higher combustion intensity near the burner region [16].…”

“…Volatile content of biomass fuels causes more luminous flames with higher combustion intensity near the burner region [16]. Other important changes were also found in flame structure due to the comparatively higher size of biomass particles which causes an increase of the size and frequency of fuel-rich eddies [17]. Nevertheless, a more detailed spatial analysis of co-firing flames compared to pure coal flames becomes necessary.…”

Co-firing carbon dioxide-torrefied woody biomass with coal on emission characteristics

“…Different biomass materials including wood waste, agricultural residue, residues left after biomass processing, and municipal solid wastes have been tested for co-combustion with coal in small scale facilities as well as in bigger demonstration plants [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Co-combustion of biomass with coal resulted in lower NO x , SO x , and CO 2 emissions due to lower percentages of nitrogen in some biomass materials, lower sulfur content in the biomass when compared with coal, and carbon neutrality of the biomass.…”