Biomass Burning Plumes in the Vicinity of the California Coast: Airborne Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Heating Rates, and Spatiotemporal Features

Mardi, Ali Hossein; Dadashazar, Hossein; MacDonald, Alexander B.; Braun, Rachel A.; Crosbie, Ewan; Xian, Peng; Thorsen, Tyler J.; Coggon, Matthew M.; Fenn, M. A.; Ferrare, R. A.; Hair, Johnathan W.; Woods, Roy K.; Jonsson, Haflidi H.; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.; Sorooshian, Armin

doi:10.1029/2018jd029134

Cited by 34 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 104 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While it has been well documented that emission injection heights of fires require better characterization (Pfister et al, ), characterizing their vertical profiles over the WNAO is of great importance with regard to vertical heating rates and stability (Taubman et al, ) and interactions with clouds. Studies in other regions such as the southeastern Atlantic (Rajapakshe et al, ) and northeastern Pacific Ocean (Mardi et al, ) have looked at vertical characteristics such as the distance between plumes and cloud top heights. Similar work is warranted for the WNAO in pursuit of better understanding of regional ACI and subsequent effects on radiative forcing.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Results and Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Decades of atmospheric research have focused on the Western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) region because of its unique location that offers accessibility for airborne and ship measurements, gradients in important atmospheric parameters, and a range of meteorological regimes leading to diverse conditions that are poorly understood. This work reviews these scientific investigations for the WNAO region, including the East Coast of North America and the island of Bermuda. Over 50 field campaigns and long‐term monitoring programs, in addition to 715 peer‐reviewed publications between 1946 and 2019, have provided a firm foundation of knowledge for these areas. Of particular importance in this region has been extensive work at the island of Bermuda that is host to important time series records of oceanic and atmospheric variables. Our review categorizes WNAO atmospheric research into eight major categories, with some studies fitting into multiple categories (relative %): aerosols (25%); gases (24%); development/validation of techniques, models, and retrievals (18%); meteorology and transport (9%); air‐sea interactions (8%); clouds/storms (8%); atmospheric deposition (7%); and aerosol‐cloud interactions (2%). Recommendations for future research are provided in the categories highlighted above.

show abstract

Section: Synthesis Of Results and Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Aside from sea spray and marine biogenic sources of aerosols (Modini et al 2015), ship exhaust was a major subcloud source (Coggon et al 2012;Wang et al 2014). The major sources impacting the above-cloud aerosol budget were transported continental emissions of wildfire plumes Mardi et al 2018), dust, biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA), and urban pollution (Hegg et al 2010;Prabhakar et al 2014;Wang et al 2014). The aerosols above cloud in the free troposphere had a distinctly different chemical signature than below cloud owing to greater organic mass fractions and thus less hygroscopic aerosol (Hersey et al 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol–Cloud–Meteorology Interaction Airborne Field Investigations: Using Lessons Learned from the U.S. West Coast in the Design of ACTIVATE off the U.S. East Coast

Sorooshian

Anderson

Bauer

et al. 2019

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report on a multiyear set of airborne field campaigns (2005–16) off the California coast to examine aerosols, clouds, and meteorology, and how lessons learned tie into the upcoming NASA Earth Venture Suborbital (EVS-3) campaign: Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer the western ATlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE; 2019–23). The largest uncertainty in estimating global anthropogenic radiative forcing is associated with the interactions of aerosol particles with clouds, which stems from the variability of cloud systems and the multiple feedbacks that affect and hamper efforts to ascribe changes in cloud properties to aerosol perturbations. While past campaigns have been limited in flight hours and the ability to fly in and around clouds, efforts sponsored by the Office of Naval Research have resulted in 113 single aircraft flights (>500 flight hours) in a fixed region with warm marine boundary layer clouds. All flights used nearly the same payload of instruments on a Twin Otter to fly below, in, and above clouds, producing an unprecedented dataset. We provide here i) an overview of statistics of aerosol, cloud, and meteorological conditions encountered in those campaigns and ii) quantification of model-relevant metrics associated with aerosol–cloud interactions leveraging the high data volume and statistics. Based on lessons learned from those flights, we describe the pragmatic innovation in sampling strategy (dual-aircraft approach with combined in situ and remote sensing) that will be used in ACTIVATE to generate a dataset that can advance scientific understanding and improve physical parameterizations for Earth system and weather forecasting models, and for assessing next-generation remote sensing retrieval algorithms.

show abstract

“…K + is normally regarded as a tracer of biomass burning (Andreae, ; Chen et al, ; Mardi et al, ; Shi et al, ; Wang et al, ), and water‐soluble organic carbon (WSOC) is mostly derived from biomass burning and secondary formation (Ding et al, ; Weber et al, ). Therefore, the ratio of K + /WSOC in the atmosphere is expected to be higher when biomass burning occurs (Wang et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering that biomass burning could be substantially enhanced during dry season in the PRD (Ding et al, 2012;Yu et al, 2016;Yu et al, 2017) and that biomass burning has been recognized as an important source of WSON species (Mace, Artaxo, & Duce, 2003;Zamora et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2017), we propose that the enhanced concentration and proportion of WSON in wet deposition during fall were attributed to biomass burning (discussed below). K + is normally regarded as a tracer of biomass burning (Andreae, 1983;Chen et al, 2010;Mardi et al, 2018;Shi et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2017), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) is mostly derived from biomass burning and secondary formation (Ding et al, 2008;Weber et al, 2007). Therefore, the ratio of K + /WSOC in…”

Section: As Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wet and Dry Nitrogen Depositions in the Pearl River Delta, South China: Observations at Three Typical Sites With an Emphasis on Water‐Soluble Organic Nitrogen

Pan

Song

et al. 2020

JGR Atmospheres

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inorganic nitrogen (N) deposition in China is among the highest in the world, yet organic N deposition in the country has not been well constrained. In this study, wet and dry depositions of both organic and inorganic N were observed for 2 years at three contrasting sites (urban-rural-forest) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, South China. Determined annual total dissolved N (TDN) deposition rates were 39.8, 33.8, and 52.0 kg N ha −1 year −1 at the urban, rural, and forest sites, respectively. The contributions of NO 3 − -N, NH 4 + -N, and water-soluble organic N (WSON) to total N deposition were 26.7-37.8%, 34.6-40.9%, and 26.1-32.3%, respectively. Wet N deposition accounted for about 54-68% in total N deposition at the sites. It is worth noting that the deposition rates of WSON in the PRD were among the highest in developed regions in the world. In wet depositions, the concentrations and proportions of WSON were significantly higher during the harvest seasons, especially at the non-urban sites, mainly due to enhanced biomass burning in the period. In dry deposition, the seasonal pattern of WSON was inconsistent with that of NO 3 − -N or NH 4 + -N. Biological/soil organic N might be the important sources of WSON in dry deposition. Our results suggest that WSON contributed significantly to atmospheric N deposition in the PRD and more attentions should be paid to the WSON to get a true picture of N depositions and its impacts on the ecosystem.

show abstract

Biomass Burning Plumes in the Vicinity of the California Coast: Airborne Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Heating Rates, and Spatiotemporal Features

Cited by 34 publications

References 104 publications

Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead

Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead

Aerosol–Cloud–Meteorology Interaction Airborne Field Investigations: Using Lessons Learned from the U.S. West Coast in the Design of ACTIVATE off the U.S. East Coast

Wet and Dry Nitrogen Depositions in the Pearl River Delta, South China: Observations at Three Typical Sites With an Emphasis on Water‐Soluble Organic Nitrogen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About