Biomass-based activated carbon for CO 2 adsorption–A review

2023

Preprint

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the primary greenhouse gases (GHGs), which is responsible for global warming potential (GWP) and climate change. The automotive industry is responsible for more than 60 % of CO2 emissions compared to other sources worldwide. The appropriate treatment is required to curb emissions in deep concern for future generations. This study uses activated carbon as an adsorbent to mitigate CO2 and other pollutants from compression ignition (CI) engines. Initially, the porosity factor of activated carbon is employed to conduct a numerical analysis of back pressure in the capture unit. The packed activated carbon is placed in two distinct variants for computational analysis. It is performed by placing activated carbon in two positions to modify the porosity percentages from 25 to 50 at a regular interval of 5. The study shows that the activated carbon configuration exhibits allowable backpressure and excellent adsorption performance. Based on the permissible backpressure limit configuration, the capture unit is developed. The adsorbent is loaded inside the cylindrical arrangement of the capture unit and is attached to the compression ignition (CI) engine’s exhaust. The test engine is operated on diesel mode under various load circumstances with and without the capture unit. The experimental results showed that the simultaneous Carbon monoxide (CO) – carbon dioxide (CO2) – hydrocarbon (HC) – oxides of nitrogen (NOx) reduction is achieved by about 5.1 %, 24 %, 15 % and 18 %, respectively.

Section: Feedstock Selection and Adsorbent Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: A computational and experimental study on using adsorbent to mitigate CO2 and other emissions from diesel engine

2023

Preprint

“…Among all the solid-based adsorbents, biomass-based activated carbons are the potential adsorbents for CO 2 capture. Because they have the following bene ts; (a) cheaply and abundantly available feedstock, (b) easy to modify surface characteristics and physicochemical properties, (c) excellent surface morphology and maximum adsorption capability, (d) good CO 2 selectivity and surface a nity, (e) appropriate thermochemical and mechanical stability, (f) requires minimum energy to regenerate the adsorbent, (g) high adsorption and desorption kinetics rate and (h) environment-friendly adsorbent (Rashidi et al 2021; Maniarasu et al 2022a).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distinctive pore sizes are 15.5 µm, 8.58 µm, and 24.0 µm, respectively, for coconut shell, rice husk, and eucalyptus wood-activated carbon samples, as clearly marked in the respective gures. As a result, a signi cant increase in adsorptive pores is found on the adsorbents' surface, signi cantly contributing to better adsorption (Maniarasu et al 2022b). The surface morphology investigation ensures that the samples possess many active pore sites that greatly bind the adsorbate molecules (DEMIRAL and AYDIN ŞAMDAN 2016).…”

Section: Selection Of Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Experimental investigations of CO2 capture using adsorbents in a standby power generation unit

Rathore

Murugan

2023

Preprint

This study examines the possibility of using adsorbents derived from different biomass residues, viz., (i) coconut shell, (ii) rice husk, and (iii) eucalyptus wood, for capturing CO2 by using the adsorption method in a compression-ignition (CI) engine operated standby diesel generator set that is used to provide electrical power to a guest house in an educational institution in India. Activated carbons are prepared from the chosen biomass substances by using carbonization and followed by chemical activation. Further, the samples of activated carbon are characterized for their suitability as adsorbents for CO2 capture. Furthermore, the CO2 and NOx levels and the adsorbents’ performance are examined when the adsorbents-packed adsorption chamber is fitted to the engine exhaust of the test diesel generator set. The results reveal that the simultaneous reduction of CO2 and NOx is achieved by using biomass-based adsorbents. Among the adsorbents examined, eucalyptus wood adsorbent exhibits excellent CO2 and NOx mitigation by 50 % and 36 %, respectively.

“…Activation is predominantly used for three primary purposes, namely (i) enhancement of existing pores, (ii) development of new pores, and (iii) opening of inaccessible and occlusion pores. 15 It is mainly performed in two modes; (a) physical activation and (b) chemical activation. The physical activation is also known as a dry oxidation method.…”

Section: Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different chemical activating agents such as alkali compounds, alkali earth metal salts, and acid elements are used. 15 The chemical activation is preferable to the physical activation because it has the following merits; (i) performing in a short time, (ii) requiring a low temperature, and (iii) producing a significant pore formation. 16 This study used KOH as an activating agent due to its economic benefits.…”

Section: Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on using adsorbent for post‐combustion carbon dioxide capture from CI engine exhaust

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

Rathore

Murugan

2022

Self Cite

An unpredictable rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a primary concern to the global scientific community. It is directly related to the rapid expansion of the human population and associated with the immense energy demand. The combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines releases a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is one of the causes of GHG emissions. Mitigation of CO2 emissions is a significant challenge to the world. Although several researchers have focused on capturing CO2 from power plants, some researchers have taken initiatives in recent times to capture CO2 in IC engines. This study particularly explored the possibility of using a biomass based‐adsorbent to capture CO2 in the exhaust of a diesel engine. Initially, activated carbon was obtained from palm shells by adopting the preparation methods such as (i) carbonization and (ii) chemical activation. Then, the produced activated carbon was analyzed to examine its physicochemical characteristics and surface textural properties by adopting characterization techniques. The adsorbent sample was loaded in an in‐house fabricated adsorption chamber which was attached to the exhaust of a single‐cylinder, four‐stroke, naturally aspirated, air‐cooled, direct injection (DI), constant speed diesel test engine. The performance of palm shell‐based activated carbon was evaluated as a potential adsorbent for CO2 capture when the engine was operated with two distinct fuels, (i) 100% diesel (D100) and (ii) an optimum biodiesel‐diesel blend (JME20) comprising 80% D100 and 20% Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME). The experimental results showed that an average of about 30% and 37% of CO2 was captured by using palm shell‐based adsorbent in D100 and JME 20 operations, respectively.