Biomass and Enzyme Activity of Two Soil Transects at King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

Tscherko, Dagmar; Bölter, Manfred; Beyer, L.; Chen, J.; Elster, Josef; Kandeler, Ellen; Kuhn, Dieter; Blume, Hans‐Peter

doi:10.1657/1523-0430(2003)035[0034:baeaot]2.0.co;2

Cited by 50 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The abundant plant cover and high activity of seabirds at AR1 may be the reason for the high contents of O.M., P and N detected in previous studies (Cuba et al, 2010), which stimulates some enzymes such as urease, xylanase and phosphatases (Beyer et al 2000;Tscherko et al 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Enzymes in the rhizosphere of plants growing in the vicinity of the Polish Arctowski Antarctic Station

Machuca

Cuba‐Díaz

Córdova

2015

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In maritime Antarctica soil enzymes have been little researched, mainly in the rhizosphere of the only two vascular plants that grow there: Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica. This study evaluated the activities of hydrolytic enzymes β-glucosidase, phosphatase and urease in the rhizospheric soils of C. quitensis and D. antarctica from three different sites in the Polish Arctowski Station in Antarctica. The sensitivity to temperature changes of the enzymes was also evaluated using two incubation temperatures (37 and 12 °C). The highest activities related to the C and P cycles, β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase, respectively, were detected in the rhizospheric soils at the site with the greatest variety of plant cover. Urease activity, related to the N cycle, was high in two of the three sites, and the lowest activity was detected at the site where only D. antarctica was found. The activity of the enzymes decreased when the temperature of incubation was reduced, but the magnitude of the decrease depended on the enzyme. β-glucosidase was the most sensitive to temperature change, whereas urease was least affected. Therefore, temperature changes in rhizospheric soils could lead to changes in substrate degradation rates and consequently in the availability of nutrients (C, N and P) for C. quitensis and D. antartica in maritime Antarctica.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The urease in the soil is of microbial and plant origin, but it can also come from seabird and penguin excrement (Tscherko et al 2003). Although the rhizospheric soils at AR2 and AR3 were not chemically analyzed, they would probably have lower nutrient and O.M.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymes in the rhizosphere of plants growing in the vicinity of the Polish Arctowski Antarctic Station

Machuca

Cuba‐Díaz

Córdova

2015

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The changing of general environmental conditions are more and more re− flected in new and stabalized habitats, which can be better related and compared to those from others regions and be categorized by ecological frames (Blume and Bölter 2004). Thus, comprehensive monitoring programs for distinguished places or organisms, like for crustose lichens (Sancho and Pintado 2004), successions on new moraines after glacier retreat (Tscherko et al 2003), or revisits to formerly analysed places be related methods and commonly accepted protocols (Bockheim et al 1993) are necessary to follow the changes in soil development and ecology. An idea which is currently developed by the Polish team in the ClicOPEN IPY project.…”

Section: Further Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil development and soil biology on King George Island, Maritime Antarctic

Bölter¹

2011

Polish Polar Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:This review covers aspects of soil science and soil biology of Antarctica with special focus on King George Island, South Shetlands, the martitime Antarctic. New approaches in soil descriptions and soil taxonomy show a great variety of soil types, related to different parent material, mainly volcanic origin, as well as on influences by soil biological processes. The spread of higher rooting plants attract microorganisms, nematodes and collemboles which in turn build new organic material and change the environment for further successors. Microbial communities are drivers with respect to metabolic and physiological properties indicating a great potential in a changing environment. The literature review also shows a lack of investi− gations on processes of carbon and nitrogen turnover, despite wide knowledge on its standing stock in different environments. Further, only few reports were found on the processes of humification. Only few data are available which can be regarded as long term monitorings, hence, such projects need to be established in order to follow ecological changes.

show abstract

“…Microorganisms are important in nutrient cycling in postglacial environments (Tscherko et al 2003b) but are negatively affected by long periods of snow cover, low temperatures, and accompanying low water availability (Bardgett et al 2007). Other studies, however, indicate that C and N pools increase in the first 20 years of succession, hinting at C and N fixation in these soils (Nemergut et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturable bacteria community development in postglacial soils of Ecology Glacier, King George Island, Antarctica

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glacier forelands are excellent sites in which to study microbial succession because conditions change rapidly in the emerging soil. Development of the bacterial community was studied along two transects on lateral moraines of Ecology Glacier, King George Island, by culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches (denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis). Environmental conditions such as cryoturbation and soil composition affected both abundance and phylogenetic diversity of bacterial communities. Microbiocenosis structure along transect 1 (severe cryoturbation) differed markedly from that along transect 2 (minor cryoturbation). Soil physical and chemical factors changed along the chronosequence (time since exposure) and influenced the taxonomic diversity of cultivated bacteria, particularly along transect 2. Arthrobacter spp. played a pioneer role and were present in all soil samples, but were most abundant along transect 1. Cultivated bacteria isolated from transect 2 were taxonomically more diverse than those cultivated from transect 1; those from transect 1 tended to express a broader range of enzyme and assimilation activities. Our data suggest that cryoturbation is a major factor in controlling bacterial community development in postglacial soils, shed light on microbial succession in glacier forelands, and add a new parameter to models that describe succession phenomena.

show abstract

Biomass and Enzyme Activity of Two Soil Transects at King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 50 publications

References 38 publications

Enzymes in the rhizosphere of plants growing in the vicinity of the Polish Arctowski Antarctic Station

Enzymes in the rhizosphere of plants growing in the vicinity of the Polish Arctowski Antarctic Station

Soil development and soil biology on King George Island, Maritime Antarctic

Culturable bacteria community development in postglacial soils of Ecology Glacier, King George Island, Antarctica

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About