Biomasa aérea de familias botánicas en un bosque siempreverde piemontano sometido a grados de intervención

Abstract

Se evaluó la biomasa aérea acumulada en lo concerniente a familias botánicas en un bosque siempreverde piemontano sometido a diferentes grados de intervención en la zona alta de la microcuenca del río Puyo. En cinco transectos de 0.1 ha se registraron las especies con DAP ≥ 10 cm. Se encontró menor número de familias en sitios con alto grado de perturbación. La biomasa aérea varió de 161.84 a 339.70 Mg.ha-1, presentándose mayor acumulación en individuos de menor clase diamétrica. Las familias con mayor índice de valor de importancia de biomasa fueron Moraceae, Arecaceae y Euphorbiaceae, reconocidas por su potencial en cuanto a estructura y carbono. El análisis de correspondencia canónica sin tendencia (DCA) indicó variación en la contribución de biomasa para cada sitio, existiendo un pequeño número de familias para mantener las reservas de carbono. Los resultados de este estudio brindan información relevante que facilita la toma de decisiones con respecto la restauración de sitios perturbados.

Floristic Composition, Structure, and Aboveground Biomass of the Moraceae Family in an Evergreen Andean Amazon Forest, Ecuador

“…This behavior is the typical resemblance to an inverted "j", which highlights the heterogeneity of the forest, composed of individuals with disetanic ages and with ample potential for natural regeneration and self-preservation. This trend is similar to that previously obtained in an analysis of the structure of the species of the Arecaceae family in an evergreen Piedmont forest in the province of Napo (central Ecuadorian Amazon) [96]. These authors determined that the largest number of individuals was grouped in the diameter class of 0-10 cm with a representativeness of 86.6%.…”

Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration in Chakra-Type Agroforestry Systems and Humid Tropical Forests of the Ecuadorian Amazon

“…The richness, density, and floristic composition are important characteristics to take into account for a correct description and interpretation of the stand or sampling plot [38], Thus, what was found in this study corresponds to what has been described for tropical ecosystems, with Cordia alliodora standing out, with Inga edulis, Piptocoma discolor, and Otoba glycycarpa, as the most representative of the management systems and the forest (Table 3), which are distinctive elements of Amazonian ecosystems [12,15]. As reported in forest formations at different altitudinal levels in Napo, Otoba glycycarpa, Cecropia sciadophylla, and Inga sp.…”

“…Changes in land use in the Amazon have generated the need to look for mitigation alternatives and amendments in this scenario. Therefore, the estimation of aerial biomass in tropical ecosystems is crucial to quantify the storage of carbon [14], showing that the total AGC recorded in the forest is similar to what was found in the Amazon forests of Colombia [11] and what was recorded in the evergreen Amazonian forests in the montane foothills of the high zone of Ecuador [12]. On the contrary, the contribution of biomass in the AFS is similar to what was found by the Los Laureles Natural Laboratory of Nicaragua in AFSs associated with fruit and timber species such as Inga edulis, Citrus aurantifolia, Cordia alliodora, and Bactris gasipaes, among others [9], and to what was found in AFSs under conventional and organic management, with behavior that depends on the type of association, with fruit or timber species managed in the system, while AGCCo is similar to what was registered in CMC in Bolivia [22].…”

“…The BIV (Table 5) indicator of potential species in carbon storage and structure in tropical forests shows species that represent great commercial value for wood and firewood (Cordia alliodora), are a source of food (Inga edulis), provide shade, incorporate nutrients, and store carbon in the soil [32,34,52]. In addition, it establishes with scientific bases the species with the greatest ecological value and capacity to store carbon [12,15,22,36]. Similar species are reported from an evergreen montane forest, in the Ecuadorian Amazon [36], while, for evergreen montane forests, Ficus cuatrecasana and Ficus sp.…”

“…Nevertheless, the process of soil carbon storage is based on management practices that improve and increase the amount of carbon stored as soil organic matter (OM). In this sense, the carbon store in tropical forests depends on strongly of the floristic composition, age, diversity, and density of species [11,12], storing more than 50% of the world's terrestrial carbon [13,14], and they are considered important carbon sinks [13,15,16]. Meanwhile, agroforestry systems (AFSs) stand out for the structure and composition of plant species, dependent on biophysical conditions and management [17,18], positioning them as a potential carbon storage alternative [7,9,19].…”