Biomarkers of Resilience in Stress Reduction for Caregivers of Alzheimer’s Patients

Ho, Lap; Bloom, Patricia A.; Vega, Joan Griffiths; Yemul, Shrishailam; Zhao, Wei; Ward, Libby; Savage, Evan; Rooney, Robert J.; Patel, Divyen H.; Pasinetti, Giulio Maria

doi:10.1007/s12017-016-8388-8

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This latter is an 8-week integrated approach, an amalgam of mindfulness meditation, concentrative meditation, breathing exercises, Yoga, autogenic training, and Buddhist philosophy. Harkess et al, 2016Ren et al, 2012Chaix et al, 2017, 2020García-Campayo et al, 2018Kaliman et al, 2014Bishop et al, 2018 Differential gene expression (Pathways affected) Qu et al, 2013;Bower et al, 2014Irwin et al, 2014Kinney et al, 2019Li et al, 2005Sharma et al, 2008Kumar and Balkrishna, 2009;Black et al, 2013Creswell et al, 2012Ho et al, 2016 Biomolecules Dada et al, 2015;Mohammad et al, 2019Campo et al, 2015Ryu et al, 1996Lee et al, 2004 Reviewed in: Daube and Jakobsche, 2015 Kasala et al, 2014 Reviewed in Black and Slavich, 2016 Reviewed in Black and Slavich, 2016 Neurotrophins Naveen et al, 2013Naveen et al, , 2016Cahn et al, 2017;Tolahunase et al, 2017L Saliva Ben-Soussan et al, 2015bVenditti et al, 2015;Caserta et al, 2019CS, L Saliva, Serum Pan et al, 2006 (SK/KK) Balasubramanian et al, 2015 (Pranayama) CS Serum Dada et al, 2018;Gagrani et al, 2018 MBSR Interventions (MBI;…”

Section: Effects Of Multiple-meditation Protocols: Mindfulness-based mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecules of Silence: Effects of Meditation on Gene Expression and Epigenetics

Venditti¹,

Verdone

Reale

et al. 2020

Front. Psychol.

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Many studies have consistently demonstrated an epigenetic link between environmental stimuli and physiological as well as cognitive responses. Epigenetic mechanisms represent a way to regulate gene activity in real time without modifying the DNA sequence, thus allowing the genome to adapt its functions to changing environmental contexts. Factors such as lifestyle, behavior, and the practice of sitting and moving mindful activities have been shown to be important means of environmental enrichment. Such practices, which include mindfulness meditation, Vipassana, Yoga, Tai Chi, and Quadrato Motor Training, have been reported to positively impact well-being. In fact, they can be considered emotional and attentional regulatory activities, which, by inducing a state of greater inner silence, allow the development of increased selfawareness. Inner silence can therefore be considered a powerful tool to counteract the negative effects of overabundant environmental noise, thanks to its power to relieve stress-related symptoms. Since all these positive outcomes rely on physiological and biochemical activities, the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms influenced by different mindful practices have recently started to be investigated. Here, we review some of the findings that could allow us to uncover the mechanisms by which specific practices influence well-being.

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Section: Effects Of Multiple-meditation Protocols: Mindfulness-based mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecules of Silence: Effects of Meditation on Gene Expression and Epigenetics

Venditti¹,

Verdone

Reale

et al. 2020

Front. Psychol.

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“…Ho and colleagues (39) chose a sample of caregivers, a chronically stressed population, to test the effects of MBSR. The intervention was slightly modified by shortening the length of weekly classes from regular 2.5 to 1.5 h to meet the demanding daily schedules of caregivers, but the content remained the same.…”

Section: Summary Of Studies On Mbis Using Gene Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is the Molecular Signature of Mind–Body Interventions? A Systematic Review of Gene Expression Changes Induced by Meditation and Related Practices

et al. 2017

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There is considerable evidence for the effectiveness of mind–body interventions (MBIs) in improving mental and physical health, but the molecular mechanisms of these benefits remain poorly understood. One hypothesis is that MBIs reverse expression of genes involved in inflammatory reactions that are induced by stress. This systematic review was conducted to examine changes in gene expression that occur after MBIs and to explore how these molecular changes are related to health. We searched PubMed throughout September 2016 to look for studies that have used gene expression analysis in MBIs (i.e., mindfulness, yoga, Tai Chi, Qigong, relaxation response, and breath regulation). Due to the limited quantity of studies, we included both clinical and non-clinical samples with any type of research design. Eighteen relevant studies were retrieved and analyzed. Overall, the studies indicate that these practices are associated with a downregulation of nuclear factor kappa B pathway; this is the opposite of the effects of chronic stress on gene expression and suggests that MBI practices may lead to a reduced risk of inflammation-related diseases. However, it is unclear how the effects of MBIs compare to other healthy interventions such as exercise or nutrition due to the small number of available studies. More research is required to be able to understand the effects of MBIs at the molecular level.

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“…These mechanisms are the focus of the present review. Literature has linked these biological markers to PTSD prognosis (Castro-Vale, van Rossum, Machado, Mota-Cardoso, & Carvalho, 2016) and shown that psychotherapy and epigenetic drugs such as methyltransferases can influence gene expression and psychiatric symptoms (e.g., Ho et al, 2016;Peedicayil, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Studies in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Posttraumatic Growth, and Resilience

Mehta

Miller

Bruenig

et al. 2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Most people will experience a traumatic event within their lifetime. One commonly recognized response to trauma exposure is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The biological underpinnings of PTSD, including epigenetic mechanisms of DNA methylation and gene expression, have been studied intensively. However, psychological posttrauma responses vary widely and can include positive outcomes, such as posttraumatic growth (PTG) and, more commonly, resilience. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the current DNA methylation and gene expression data with respect to three potential posttrauma responses: PTSD, PTG, and resilience. A literature search identified 486 studies, 51 of which were deemed eligible for inclusion (total N = 10,633). All included studies examined PTSD and consistently implicated DNA methylation and gene expression changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and inflammatory genes. Ten studies acknowledged resilience as a posttrauma response, but only two studies examined epigenetics and gene expression using a scale to measure resilience. Low resilience was associated with gene expression patterns in immune and dopamine genes, and high resilience was associated with a blunted inflammatory response. No studies examined epigenetic or gene expression changes associated with PTG. These findings highlight a focus on pathogenic research, which has failed to adequately acknowledge and measure positive posttrauma outcomes of PTG and resilience. Future research should examine DNA methylation and gene expression changes associated with PTG and resilience in addition to PTSD in order to gain a more comprehensive picture of an individual's well-being following exposure to trauma.

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Biomarkers of Resilience in Stress Reduction for Caregivers of Alzheimer’s Patients

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Molecules of Silence: Effects of Meditation on Gene Expression and Epigenetics

Molecules of Silence: Effects of Meditation on Gene Expression and Epigenetics

What Is the Molecular Signature of Mind–Body Interventions? A Systematic Review of Gene Expression Changes Induced by Meditation and Related Practices

A Systematic Review of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Studies in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Posttraumatic Growth, and Resilience

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