Biomarkers of oxidative stress as an assessment of the redox status of the liver in dogs

Abstract

Background Oxidative stress is associated with a diverse group of liver disorders across species. Objectives Determine whether glutathione (GSH) concentration in plasma and red blood cells correlates with liver GSH concentration in dogs and evaluate whether other markers of systemic oxidative stress, plasma vitamin E and urine 8‐isoprostanes/creatinine (F2‐IsoPs/Cr) concentrations, correlate with liver GSH. Animals Thirty‐four client‐owned dogs undergoing clinically indicated liver biopsy and 15 healthy control dogs. Methods Prospective, observational cross‐sectional study. Urine and blood were collected before liver biopsy. Plasma, erythrocyte, and liver GSH were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); vitamin E was measured by HPLC, and F2‐IsoPs/Cr was measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results All dogs were treated at the discretion of the attending clinician (24/34 received antioxidants; 4/34 fed therapeutic liver diet), which included dogs with primary or secondary liver disease (inflammatory (n = 21), metabolic (n = 9), vascular (n = 2), and neoplastic (n = 2)). Median GSH concentrations in plasma, erythrocyte, and liver were 0.18 mg/dL (range 0.14 to 0.56 mg/dL), 56.7 mg/dL (18.3 to 79.2 mg/dL), and 181 mg/dL (39.9 to 527 mg/dL), respectively. No significant correlations were found between liver GSH and erythrocyte GSH, plasma GSH, vitamin E, or F2‐IsoPs/Cr. Dogs undergoing clinically indicated liver biopsy had significantly higher urine F2‐IsoPs/Cr than did healthy controls (5.89 vs 2.98 ng/mg; P < .0001). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Erythrocyte and plasma GSH are not indicative of liver GSH concentration in dogs. In addition, dogs undergoing clinically indicated liver biopsy have evidence of increased systemic oxidative stress compared to healthy controls.

Biomarkers in Stress Related Diseases/Disorders: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Values

“…In the case of systemic oxidative stress, tissues respond diversely with respect to glutathione concentration. Barry-Heffernan et al (2019) have reported that the GSH levels in erythrocyte and plasma are not correlated to that in liver biopsy tissues of dogs, which are clinically indicated for liver biopsy, suggesting that the GSH levels in circulatory system may not be ideal for assessing the redox status of the liver.…”

Peripheral markers of oxidative stress in Labrador retrievers with copper‐associated hepatitis

“…Conversely, urinary F 2 ‐isoprostane to creatinine ratios were higher in dogs undergoing clinically indicated liver biopsy than in healthy dogs, but substantial overlap existed between populations (Barry‐Heffernan et al . 2019). Reasons for discordant results are unclear.…”

“…RMs, which include both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, are key atoms and molecules responsible for oxidative cellular injury, whereas AOP is an assessment of a specimen's overall reduction potential (Katerji et al 2019). Isoprostanes, which are chemically stable end-products of RM associated lipid peroxidation, also were evaluated in plasma and urine given their utility in assessing oxidative stress in several species (Milne et al 2015, Mavangira et al 2016, Barry-Heffernan et al 2019. We hypothesised that these measures would reveal a state of heightened oxidative stress in CAH dogs as indicated by increased RM and isoprostane concentrations and decreased AOP as compared to controls.…”

“…2016, Barry‐Heffernan et al . 2019). We hypothesised that these measures would reveal a state of heightened oxidative stress in CAH dogs as indicated by increased RM and isoprostane concentrations and decreased AOP as compared to controls.…”

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Mexidol-Vet® in an experiment on rats

“…Сокращения: АлАТ -аланинаминотрансфераза, АсАТ -аспартатаминотрансфераза, в/ж -внутрижелудочно/е, в/м -внутримышечно/е, ЛДГ -лактатдегидрогеназа, МТ -масса тела, ТХМ -тетрахлорметан, ХЛ -хемилюминесценция Введение В последние годы число животных с патологией печени неуклонно возрастает [2…4, 11,14]. В результате поражения печени активизируется свободнорадикальное окисление, увеличивается концентрация продуктов пероксидации и их метаболитов, нарушающих процессы обмена веществ и энергии в организме, развиваются процессы, ведущие к морфофункциональным изменениям гепатоцитов [12,13,15].…”