Biomarkers in <i>Nereis diversicolor</i> (Polychaeta: Nereididae) as management tools for environmental assessment on the southwest Iberian coast

Abstract

SUMMARY:The environmental quality of the southwest Iberian coast was assessed in different areas (Ria Formosa Lagoon, Guadiana Estuary and Cádiz Bay) focusing on metal contamination (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in Nereis diversicolor whole tissues. In addition, associated toxicological effects were assessed using a multibiomarker approach combining several conventional biomarkers. The set of biomarkers selected included antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase), metallothionein and lipid peroxidation. N. diversicolor from the Ria Formosa Lagoon, Guadiana River and Cádiz Bay responded differently to metal contamination with different biomarker responses showing a clear site trend, suggesting different sources and/or magnitudes of contamination. Cadmium was a source of oxidative stress in polychaetes, mainly in Cádiz Bay, with a significant influence on antioxidant enzymes and enhancement of lipid peroxidation. The highest MT concentrations were in the Ria Formosa Lagoon and in the Guadiana River, where there was a direct relationship with high nickel concentrations. Biomarker responses of N. diversicolor are useful tools for environmental quality assessment on the southwest Iberian coast, and more specific metal biomarkers should be included in future assessments.Keywords: biomarkers, metals, Nereis diversicolor, antioxidant enzymes, metallothionein, lipid peroxidation, southwest Iberian coast.RESUMEN: Biomarcadores en Nereis diversicolor (Polychaeta: nereididae) como herramientas de gestión de la evaluación del medio amBiente en el suroeste de la Península iBérica. -El estudio de la calidad ambiental de los ecosistemas costeros del SO de la Península Ibérica (Ría Formosa, estuario del Guadiana y bahía de Cádiz) en relación a la contaminación metálica (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb y Zn) se ha llevado a cabo mediante el análisis del contenido de metales en Nereis diversicolor. Además, los efectos ecotoxicológicos fueron evaluados mediante una aproximación "multibiomarcadores", en donde se combinan varios biomarcadores convencionales. La batería de biomarcadores seleccionadas han sido: las enzimas antioxidantes (catalasa (CAT), superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y glutatión peroxidasa (GPX), metalotioneína (MT) y peroxidación lipídica (LPO). Los ejemplares de N. diversicolor recolectados en las distintas zonas, mostraron una respuesta diferente a la contaminación metálica, lo que sugiere diferentes fuentes y/o magnitud de la contaminación. Los niveles de cadmio estan directamente relacionados con las actividades SOD y CAT y los niveles de LPO. En el caso del níquel, sus niveles se hallaban correlacionados positivamente con los de MT en la Ría Formosa y en el río Guadiana. La integración de las respuesta de los biomarcadores en N. diversicolor ha demostrado ser una herramienta útil para la evaluación de la calidad ambiental de los ecosistemas costeros del SO de la Península Ibérica.

Comparative Effects of Ingested PVC Micro Particles With and Without Adsorbed Benzo(a)pyrene vs. Spiked Sediments on the Cellular and Sub Cellular Processes of the Benthic Organism Hediste diversicolor

“…The present investigation aimed at unveiling the contribution of ingesting microplastic vs. sediments as vectors for pollutants to the tissues as well as its derived ecotoxicological implications to aquatic organisms. The ragworm H. diversicolor was selected as candidate model organism as its biological responses to several different toxicants such as PaHs, heavy metals, surfactants, pharmaceuticals, engineered nanoparticles, etc., have been extensively investigated in the past (Catalano et al, 2012;Browne et al, 2013;Buffet et al, 2014a,b;Mouneyrac et al, 2014) and thus supporting its use both in laboratory and environmental monitoring worldwide (Mouneyrac et al, 2003;Durou et al, 2007;Gomes et al, 2013). Early studies with PAHs spiked sediments using Arenicola marina pointed out that the solubilisation of organic chemicals is significantly increased in the presence of digestive fluids compared to seawater alone, thus increasing their bioavailability (Voparil and Mayer, 2000).…”

Assessment of trace element accumulation on the Tunisian coasts using biochemical biomarkers in Perinereis cultrifera

“…Our data show lower lipid content in S1 than in S2, which correlates with the increase in the TBARS level mainly in summer. This increase in the TBARS level and decreases in lipid content appears to be due to metal uptake, which accelerates the ability to scavenge ROS by extreme production of lipid peroxides resulting from alteration of membrane fluidity and integrity (Chetoui et al 2019 from contaminated sites on the southwestern Iberian coast (Gomes et al 2013) and the Oued Souss estuary in the Bay of Agadir, Morocco (Ait Alla et al 2006) revealed similar increases in TBARS levels. This may be linked to several factors, including metal concentration (Cd, Pb, etc.…”

Analysis of Midgut Bacterial Community Structure of &lt;i&gt;Neanthes chilkaensis&lt;/i&gt; from Polluted Mudflats of Gorai, Mumbai, India

“…Deposit feeders like nereids live and feed directly on recently deposited sediments, and therefore, are constantly exposed to pollutants [2]. Nereids are the polychetes belonging to phylum Annelida abundant in all environments of the world's oceans notably successful in mud and sand habitats [3].…”