Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease: Recent Advancement

Lotankar, Sharvari; Prabhavalkar, Kedar; Bhatt, Lokesh Kumar

doi:10.1007/s12264-017-0183-5

Cited by 199 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…As we know, the cerebellum predominantly contributes to motor coordination, precision, and accurate timing (Fine et al, 2002), and it may also be involved in some cognitive functions (Wolf et al, 2009). Anatomical atrophy in the cerebellum in PD was observed (Lotankar et al, 2017); additionally, functional changes of the cerebellum were also reported. In a prior task-evoked fMRI study, more cerebellum areas were activated, and connections within cortico-cerebellar motor regions were strengthened in PD (Gao et al, 2017) to compensate for basal ganglia deficit when a single tapping task and simple dual-task were performed (Wu et al, 2009(Wu et al, , 2011.…”

Section: Strengthened Cerebellum Synchronization Might Compensate Formentioning

confidence: 97%

ALFF and ReHo Mapping Reveals Different Functional Patterns in Early- and Late-Onset Parkinson’s Disease

Yue

Jiang²,

Shen³

et al. 2020

Front. Neurosci.

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Heterogeneity between late-onset Parkinson's disease (LOPD) and early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) is mainly reflected in the following aspects including genetics, disease progression, drug response, clinical manifestation, and neuropathological change. Although many studies have investigated these differences in relation to clinical significance, the functional processing circuits and underlying neural mechanisms have not been entirely understood. In this study, regional homogeneity (ReHo) and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) maps were used to explore different spontaneous brain activity patterns in EOPD and LOPD patients. Abnormal synchronizations were found in the motor and emotional circuits of the EOPD group, as well as in the motor, emotional, and visual circuits of the LOPD group. EOPD patients showed functional activity change in the visual, emotional and motor circuits, and LOPD patients only showed increased functional activity in the emotional circuits. In summary, the desynchronization process in the LOPD group was relatively strengthened, and the brain areas with changed functional activity in the EOPD group were relatively widespread. The results might point out different impairments in the synchronization and functional activity for EOPD and LOPD patients.

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Section: Strengthened Cerebellum Synchronization Might Compensate Formentioning

confidence: 97%

ALFF and ReHo Mapping Reveals Different Functional Patterns in Early- and Late-Onset Parkinson’s Disease

Yue

Jiang²,

Shen³

et al. 2020

Front. Neurosci.

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“…Neurochemical biomarkers, such as α-Syn, have long held promise in the field of PD for improving diagnosis and are helpful in monitoring disease progression [15,16]. Among the different sources of tissue sampling, peripheral blood has raised interest in scientists, because it is abundant, easily accessible, and a well-tolerated procedure for patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of the Diagnostic Potential of Plasma and Erythrocytic α-Synuclein in Parkinson’s Disease

Wang

Duan

et al. 2019

Neurodegener Dis

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Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by intracellular α-synuclein (α-Syn) deposition. Alternation of the α-Syn expression level in plasma or erythrocytes may be used as a potential PD biomarker. However, no studies have compared their prognostic value directly with the same cohort. Methods: The levels of α-Syn in plasma and erythrocytes, obtained from 45 PD patients and 45 control subjects, were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Then, correlation and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were performed to characterize the predictive power of erythrocytic and plasma α-Syn. Results: Our results showed that α-Syn expression levels in both plasma and erythrocytes were significantly higher in PD patients than in control subjects (823.14 ± 257.79 vs. 297.10 ± 192.82 pg/mL, p < 0.0001 in plasma; 3,104.14 ± 143.03 vs. 2,944.82 ± 200.41 pg/mL, p < 0.001 in erythrocytes, respectively). The results of the ROC analysis suggested that plasma α-Syn exhibited better predictive power than erythrocytic α-Syn with a sensitivity of 80.0%, specificity of 97.7%, and a positive predictive value of 77.8%. The expression level of plasma α-Syn correlated well with the age of patients, H-Y stage, MoCA scale, and UPDRS motor scale. On the contrary, there was no correlation between erythrocytic α-Syn level and clinical parameters in this study. Conclusion: Our results suggest that plasma α-Syn could be a specific and sensitive potential diagnostic biomarker for PD.

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“…Mutations of the leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) gene represent one of the most common genetic causes of Parkinson's disease (PD) (1). As with idiopathic PD, LRRK2 PD is associated with the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta that ultimately results in debilitating motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Spindles and Fragmented Sleep as Prodromal Markers in a Preclinical Model of LRRK2-G2019S Parkinson's Disease

et al. 2020

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Sleep disturbances co-occur with and precede the onset of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). We evaluated sleep fragmentation and thalamocortical sleep spindles in mice expressing the p.G2019S mutation of the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene, one of the most common genetic forms of PD. Thalamocortical sleep spindles are oscillatory events that occur during slow-wave sleep that are involved in memory consolidation. We acquired data from electrocorticography, sleep behavioral measures, and a rotarod-based motor enrichment task in 28 LRRK2-G2019S knock-in mice and 27 wild-type controls (8-10 month-old males). Sleep was more fragmented in LRRK2-G2019S mice; sleep bouts were shorter and more numerous, even though total sleep time was similar to controls. LRRK2-G2019S animals expressed more sleep spindles, and individual spindles were longer in duration than in controls. We then chronically administered the LRRK2-inhibitor MLi-2 in-diet to n = 12 LRRK2-G2019S and n = 15 wild-type mice for a within-subject analysis of the effects of kinase inhibition on sleep behavior and physiology. Treatment with MLi-2 did not impact these measures. The data indicate that the LRRK2-G2019S mutation could lead to reduced sleep quality and altered sleep spindle physiology. This suggests that sleep spindles in LRRK2-G2019S animals could serve as biomarkers for underlying alterations in sleep networks resulting from the LRRK2-G2019S mutation, and further evaluation in human LRRK2-G2019S carriers is therefore warranted.

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Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease: Recent Advancement

Cited by 199 publications

References 112 publications

ALFF and ReHo Mapping Reveals Different Functional Patterns in Early- and Late-Onset Parkinson’s Disease

ALFF and ReHo Mapping Reveals Different Functional Patterns in Early- and Late-Onset Parkinson’s Disease

A Comparative Study of the Diagnostic Potential of Plasma and Erythrocytic α-Synuclein in Parkinson’s Disease

Sleep Spindles and Fragmented Sleep as Prodromal Markers in a Preclinical Model of LRRK2-G2019S Parkinson's Disease

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