“…Many coastal areas in the world are nowadays facing pollution problems, for instance, the Stege tidal marsh in the United States (Hwang et al, 2006), the Aveiro lagoon in Portugal (Martins et al, 2015), the Odiel River in Spain (Santos Bermejo et al, 2003), the Er-Rbia Estuary in Morocco (Asfers et al, 2017), the Izmit Bay in Turkey (Pekey, 2006), the Caspian Sea Coast (Abadi et al, 2019), coastal areas of Black Sea, the Marmara Sea and the Aegean Sea (Balkıs et al, 2007), the Bohai Bay in China (Gao and Chen, 2012), and the Cochin estuary in India (Salas et al, 2017). In the last century, several Brazilian estuarine ecosystems were affected by pollution due to increase in human activities, for instance, in mangrove zones of the Amazon coast (NE Brazil; Jesus et al, 2021), the Ipojuca River Estuary (Pernanbuco, Silva et al, 2019), the Green Coast Region (GCR), the state of Rio de Janeiro (SE Brazil; Souza et al, 2021), the Santos Estuary (São Paulo State, SE Brazil; Jesus et al, 2020), and the Patos Lagoon (SE Brazil;Moreira, 2012). Pollution in these environments was caused by mining, installation of industrial complexes, burning of fossil fuel, emission of domestic liquid effluents, and port activities.…”