Biomarkers and genetic factors for early prediction of pre-eclampsia

Abstract

JGMof the main causes of poor placental perfusion and leads to placental and fetal hypoxia. Hypoxia is a potent stimulus for release of the numerous factors into the maternal circulation that may affect endothelial function of maternal system, and this can be reason of hypertension and other signs of the disease.Currently, PE is thought to result from defective spiral artery remodeling, leading to cellular ischemia in the placenta and resulting widespread endothelial dysfunction of maternal multiorgan systems. Exact etiology underlying the cellular and molecular mechanisms of PE is still elusive. But recent observations support that altered expression of multiple factors is responsible for the clinical manifestation of the disease [4].PE is divided to 2 types; early-onset and late-onset PE. Earlyonset PE typically requires early delivery (before 34 weeks' gestation) as intrauterine growth retardation, unusual uterine and umbilical artery Doppler waveforms, and negative effects on the maternal and neonatal sides are common. Late-onset PE is commonly related to mild maternal disease and a low rate of