Biomarker Testing for Ovarian Cancer: Clinical Utility of Multiplex Assays

Abstract

The improved detection of ovarian cancer at the earliest stages of development would confer a significant benefit in the therapeutic efficacy and overall survival associated with this devastating disease. The inadequate performance of currently used imaging modalities and the CA 125 biomarker test have precluded the establishment of screening programs and hindered the development of diagnostic tests for ovarian cancer. Two recently completed large clinical trials of ovarian cancer screening have reported findings of mixed impact, further clouding the issue. Considerable effort has been applied to the development of multiplexed biomarker-based tests and the most recent advances are discussed here. Within the clinical setting of pelvic mass differential diagnosis and triage, several significant advancements have been achieved recently, including the FDA approved ROMA and OVA1 tests. The development and evaluation of those tests are described in this review. Thus while effective routine screening for ovarian cancer remains a lofty goal, advancement within the clinical management of pelvic mass diagnoses appears to be near at hand.

Association Between Pretreatment Serum Apolipoprotein A1 and Prognosis of Solid Tumors in Chinese Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…ApoA1 also functions as a cofactor of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LACT) and participates in the formation of most plasma cholesteryl ester [15]. Accumulating evidence has revealed that serum apoA1 is inversely correlated with the risk of developing breast, colorectal, lung, and ovarian cancer [16-18]. Elevated apoA1 transgenic expression has shown a reduction of tumor burden and a survival benefit in mouse models of ovarian cancer and melanoma [19, 20].…”

Methodical and pre-analytical characteristics of a multiplex cancer biomarker immunoassay

“…Based on these findings, methods for parallel tumor marker testing have become more and more interesting in cancer research. Here, biomarkers, representing different systemic processes, such as inflammation, angiogenesis or cell death, can be combined with established tumor markers in one panel and potentially increase diagnostic accuracy [10][11][12] . Multiplex based immunoassays belong to the leading methods in this field.…”

Translational Research and Plasma Proteomic in Cancer

“…Proteomic analysis with 2-DE can simultaneously detect changes of multiple proteins in plasma often detected differentially expressed proteins are common abundant plasma proteins and their diagnostic value may be limited. Twodimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) has been used for the discovery of circulating auto-antibodies in cancer patients and annexins I and II were reported as specific antigens in sera from patients with lung [Nolen and Lokshin, 2013]; b-2 microglobulin [Yang et al, 2009] apolipoprotein [Podzielinski et al, 2013]; gene-expression in HE4 [Ferraro et al, 2013 [Du et al, 2013]; AGR2 [Li et al, 2015c]; ubiquitin ligase [Goka and Lippman, 2015]; ferritin light chain [Jezequel et al, 2012] Gastric cancer a1-antitrypsin precursor [Hsu et al, 2007]; pepsinogen C [Terasawa et al, 2014]; Cathepsin B [Ebert et al, 2005]; galectin-1/-3 [Thijssen et al, 2015]; miR-214 [Zhang et al, 2015b]; angiopoietinlike protein 2 [Yoshinaga et al, 2015]; MOR1 [Yao et al, 2015]; circular RNA [Li et al, 2015a] Liver cancer Galectin-1/-3 [Thijssen et al, 2015]; CHI3L1/MASP2 [Ding et al, 2014]; Sall4, Glypican-3, dickkopf-1 and talin-1 [Chatterjee and Mitra, 2015] …”