Biomarker Sensitivity for Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contamination in Two Marine Fish Species Collected in Galveston Bay, Texas

Willett, Kristine L.; McDonald, Susanne J.; Steinberg, Michael A.; Beatty, Karla B.; Kennicutt, Mahlon C.; Safe, Stephen

doi:10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1472:bsfpah>2.3.co;2

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Using the above selection criteria, 94 papers were retained for the analysis of EROD control/reference data [12–105], and 27 of these papers were selected for further analysis of EROD dose‐response relationships [12–38]. The papers chosen for analysis of the EROD control/reference data set had a total of 78 unique author groups (which we equated to individual laboratories), 42 different genera of fish, and 21 different families of fish.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The papers chosen for analysis of the EROD control/reference data set had a total of 78 unique author groups (which we equated to individual laboratories), 42 different genera of fish, and 21 different families of fish. Based on the criteria for defining a study, the final analysis data set for EROD contained a total of 174 studies, including 92 laboratory studies [12–76] and 82 field studies [77–105]. Author groups originated from North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first type modeled the relationship between EROD end points and laboratory‐based, IP injection studies with PAH. The modeled relationship included 27 papers equating to 30 studies on 11 species with three PAHs (3MC: 12 studies, three species; benzo[ a ]pyrene [B a P]: 12 studies, seven species; β‐naphthoflavone [βNF]: 14 studies, seven species) [12–38]. The best‐fit, single‐parameter, linear‐regression model was found for the log of fold‐change EROD relative to controls versus the log of PAH dose (converted to molar concentrations and scaled to IEFs relative to 3MC).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statistical analysis of cytochrome P4501A biomarker measurements in fish

Oris

Roberts

2007

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Induction of the cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) enzyme system in fish is a common biomarker of exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons. Induction of CYP1A can be measured at a number of steps in the transcription-translation-functional protein pathway using a variety of techniques. The present study examined the range of these measurements from 94 published papers in an attempt to examine the statistical characteristics of each method. Cytochrome P4501A induction, as measured by catalytic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, protein levels (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry), and mRNA levels (Northern blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction), was analyzed. When possible, the variance structure, effect size determination, and dose-response modeling of each method of measurement in the laboratory and field were examined. Conclusions from this analysis include: 1) Because of interlaboratory and interspecies variability, general end-point determinations will need to be defined in terms of the statistically detectable fold-change of measurements relative to control or reference values, and 2) fold-change in EROD activity provides the most robust measure of the dose responsiveness of aromatic hydrocarbons within specific chemical classes (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). The relationship between the ability to measure statistical differences in induction level and the biological significance of those measurements has yet to be defined. To utilize these biomarkers in a risk assessment context, this relationship must be addressed at the scientific and management levels.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statistical analysis of cytochrome P4501A biomarker measurements in fish

Oris

Roberts

2007

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…In vertebrates, induction of specific GST following exposure to diverse agents such as PAHs, PCBs and organochloride pesticides has been well documented (Willett et al, 1997;Armknecht et al, 1998). Although metals are not natural substrata for these enzymes, recent studies have shown in vivo GST induction in fish exposed to heavy metals (Paris-Palacios et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Mytilus Galloprovincialis Acetylcholinesterase and Glutathione S-Transferases Activities as Biomarkers of Environmental Contamination Along the Northwest Portuguese Coast

Moreira

Guilhermino

2005

Environ Monit Assess

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With the aim of using Mytilus galloprovincialis acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferases (GST) activities as biomarkers of environmental contamination in risk assessment studies along the northwest Portuguese coast, the objective of this study was to provide background information related to: (1) baseline values of these enzymatic activities both in reference and contaminated areas and their responsiveness as indicators of exposure to environmental contaminants; (2) the importance of seasonal variations of such biomarkers in M. galloprovincialis along this area. For this, the activity of these enzymes was seasonally determined in mussels collected from four sites, including a reference and three stations with different contamination sources along the referred area. Statistically significant differences on both enzymatic activities were found among the four sampling stations, at the four sampling periods. In comparison to the reference station, lower AChE and higher GST activity values were found in mussels collected in stations potentially contaminated by pesticides and domestic/industrial effluents and in mussels collected in the vicinity of an oil refinery and an industrial/mercantile harbour, respectively. The results obtained in this work highlighted the potential suitability of these biomarkers to be used as components of environmental monitoring programs in risk assessment studies along the northwest Portuguese coast. Since a seasonal variation in both enzymatic activities was found, the possible implications of such variability in the use of these enzymes as environmental biomarkers are also discussed.

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“…Cytochrome P4501A can also be activated by other pathways and plays a strong role in steroid hormone biosynthesis, tryptophan and retinol metabolism (review in Monostory et al 2009). Induction of Cyp1a varies between fish species (Wirgin et al 1996;Willett et al 1997;Oris and Roberts 2007), so that a specific evaluation needs to be performed before using this biomarker on a sentinel species in environmental monitoring programs. In this study, we thus focus on both Cyp1a gene expression and protein content in order to provide a combined biomarker specific for the striped bass Morone saxatilis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochrome P4501A mRNA and protein induction in striped bass (Morone saxatilis)

Durieux

Connon

Werner

et al. 2012

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The striped bass (Morone saxatilis) supports a valuable recreational fishery and is among the most important piscivorous fish of the San Francisco Estuary. This species has suffered a significant decline in numbers over the past decades, and there is indication that contaminants are important contributors. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) including PCBs and dioxins are widespread in the estuary, they typically bioaccumulate through trophic levels, reaching highest levels in top predators and are known to affect the fish health and development. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of cytochrome P4501A (Cyp1a) induction simultaneously at different levels of biological organization (RNA transcription and protein synthesis) as a biomarker of exposure to PAHs and PHAHs. We utilized β-naphthoflavone (BNF) as a model PAH to induce Cyp1a responses in juvenile striped bass in both dose-response and time-response assessments and determined Cyp1a mRNA and protein levels. Significant responses were measured in both systems at 10 mg ΒΝF kg⁻¹, a concentration used for time-response studies. Messenger RNA levels peaked at 6 h post-injection, while protein levels increased progressively with time, significantly peaking at 96 h post-injection; both remaining elevated throughout the duration of the test (8 days). Our data suggest that rapid induction of gene transcription following exposure and subsequent cumulative protein synthesis could provide a useful means of identifying temporal variants in exposure to Cyp1a inducers in Morone saxatilis. The potential application of this combined Cyp1a gene and protein biomarker in this species for field studies is discussed.

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Biomarker Sensitivity for Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contamination in Two Marine Fish Species Collected in Galveston Bay, Texas

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Statistical analysis of cytochrome P4501A biomarker measurements in fish

Statistical analysis of cytochrome P4501A biomarker measurements in fish

The Use of Mytilus Galloprovincialis Acetylcholinesterase and Glutathione S-Transferases Activities as Biomarkers of Environmental Contamination Along the Northwest Portuguese Coast

Cytochrome P4501A mRNA and protein induction in striped bass (Morone saxatilis)

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