Biomarker assessment of oil biodegradation, water washing, and source rock characteristics of oil seeps from the Foothill Zone along the Tigris River, Northern Iraq

Alkhafaji, Mohamed W.

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107946

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The oil probably migrated from the source rocks to the surface through fractures or other migration pathways (e.g., Abrams 2005;Galarrage et al 2010) and invaded the host sandstone. Similar oil seeps have been reported in several parts of the world (e.g., Abrams 2005;Escobar et al 2011;Galarrage et al 2010;Burton et al 2019;Al-Khafaji et al 2020;Al-Khafaji 2021). It can provide valuable information on the presence of a petroleum system, nature of the source rocks, thermal maturity level of the organic matter, and migration pathway of the hydrocarbons as suggested by several authors (e.g., Abrams 2005;Burton et al 2019).…”

Section: Est-9: Oil Seeps Of the Lisama Formationsupporting

confidence: 77%

Geotourism in Regions with Influence from the Oil Industry: a Study Case of the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin (Colombia)

et al. 2021

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This paper discusses the petroleum geology-related sites along the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin (Colombia) and their potentials as geotourism resources. This initiative is based on the experience of the authors over several years of fieldwork in this region. There are different geological and anthropic features in this region, which are closely related to petroleum geology. The geotourism represents a strategic alternative for the promotion of sustainable tourism. The present work refers to geotourism in regions with influence of the oil industry, which would constitute a pioneering example in Latin America from the development of a scenic georoute for those who visit the operations of the oil industry through tourism programs. The region of interest has beautiful landscapes and is very useful for performing different geoeducation and geotourism activities for geoconservation purposes. All these sites and features can attract people to visit this region, not only geologists and geology students who want to study the petroleum geology of this region, but also the local communities and tourists who are interested in visiting it.

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Section: Est-9: Oil Seeps Of the Lisama Formationsupporting

confidence: 77%

Geotourism in Regions with Influence from the Oil Industry: a Study Case of the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin (Colombia)

et al. 2021

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“…The important presence of petroleum components (e.g., branched alkanes pristane and phytane) compared with nC 17 and nC 18 , respectively, looks as a track of motor vehicle emission (Hamilton et al 1984 ; Alexandrino et al 2019 ; Alkhafaji 2021 ), or petrol spill from contaminated sediments, soils, and waters (Jeng 2006 ; Stortini et al 2009 ; Wang et al 2011 ; Shirneshan et al 2016 ; Azimi-Yancheshmeh et al 2017 , Hernández-Guzmán et al 2021 ). These ratios are adopted also to index the maturity of petroleum and bitumen affecting sediments (Omotoye et al 2016 ; Gao et al 2021 ).…”

Section: The State-of-the-art Of Research About Molecular Signatures ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular signatures of organic particulates as tracers of emission sources

Cecinato

Bacaloni

Romagnoli

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Chemical signature of airborne particulates and deposition dusts is subject of study since decades. Usually, three complementary composition markers are investigated, namely, (i) specific organic compounds; (ii) concentration ratios between congeners, and (iii) percent distributions of homologs. Due to its intrinsic limits (e.g., variability depending on decomposition and gas/particle equilibrium), the identification of pollution sources based on molecular signatures results overall restricted to qualitative purposes. Nevertheless, chemical fingerprints allow drawing preliminary information, suitable for successfully approaching multivariate analysis and valuing the relative importance of sources. Here, the state-of-the-art is presented about the molecular fingerprints of non-polar aliphatic, polyaromatic (PAHs, nitro-PAHs), and polar (fatty acids, organic halides, polysaccharides) compounds in emissions. Special concern was addressed to alkenes and alkanes with carbon numbers ranging from 12 to 23 and ≥ 24, which displayed distinct relative abundances in petrol-derived spills and exhausts, emissions from microorganisms, high vegetation, and sediments. Long-chain alkanes associated with tobacco smoke were characterized by a peculiar iso/anteiso/normal homolog fingerprint and by n-hentriacontane percentages higher than elsewhere. Several concentration ratios of PAHs were identified as diagnostic of the type of emission, and the sources of uncertainty were elucidated. Despite extensive investigations conducted so far, the origin of uncommon molecular fingerprints, e.g., alkane/alkene relationships in deposition dusts and airborne particles, remains quite unclear. Polar organics resulted scarcely investigated for pollution apportioning purposes, though they looked as indicative of the nature of sources. Finally, the role of humans and living organisms as actual emitters of chemicals seems to need concern in the future.

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“…Finally, the relative abundance of petrol components (e.g. pristane and phytane) compared to n-alkanes was considered to highlight the vehicle emission impact [Hamilton et al 1984, Alexandrino et al 2019, Alkhafaji 2021.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Indicators of Natural and Anthropogenic Emission Source Impact

Cecinato

Bacaloni

Romagnoli

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The composition of organic fraction released in emissions varies with its nature and contour conditions; hence, the chemical signature of atmospheric particulate matter and dusts are investigated to identify the pollution sources and assess the respective aftermaths on environment and health. For this purpose, three complementary tools are usually adopted, i.e. specific source markers, concentration ratios of pairs of congeners, and percent distribution profiles of homologues (including derived “carbon preference indexes”). This paper provides an overview of investigations dealing with chemical signature of emission sources, applied to non-polar aliphatic (alkanes), aromatic (PAHs, Nitro-PAHs) and polar (fatty acids, organic halides, polysaccharides) organics affecting atmospheric particulate matter and deposition dust. Despite a rich literature is nowadays available, further investigations seem necessary to clarify the nature, sources and behaviors of mid-volatile, non-polar organic contaminants. More sophisticated investigations have gained importance recently (principal component analysis, source factorization modelling), nevertheless molecular fingerprints remain suitable to draw primary insights about the nature and impact of sources of environmental pollution.

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Biomarker assessment of oil biodegradation, water washing, and source rock characteristics of oil seeps from the Foothill Zone along the Tigris River, Northern Iraq

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Geotourism in Regions with Influence from the Oil Industry: a Study Case of the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin (Colombia)

Geotourism in Regions with Influence from the Oil Industry: a Study Case of the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin (Colombia)

Molecular signatures of organic particulates as tracers of emission sources

Indicators of Natural and Anthropogenic Emission Source Impact

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