Biomagnification of organochlorines along a Barents Sea food chain

Borgå, Katrine; Gabrielsen, Geir Wing; Skaare, Janneche Utne

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(00)00171-8

Cited by 313 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…e DDTs is p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, and p,p′-DDT for zooplankton and fish; p,p′-DDE for seabirds; and p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT for seals. and the recoveries were within acceptable ranges as described in previous publications (9,10,14,15,24,25,27).…”

Section: Marine Mammalssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Methods with modifications for extraction, cleanup, separation, identification, and quantification followed standard procedures and are described in previous publications (9,10,14,15,24,25,27). The participating laboratories' analytical quality has been confirmed by good results from international intercalibration tests (9,24). All NOW and CBS samples were analyzed on high-resolution gas chromatograph equipped with Ni-electron capture detector, except NOW ringed seals for which the gas chromatograph was equipped with a mass spectrometer detector.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why Do Organochlorine Differences between Arctic Regions Vary among Trophic Levels?

Borgå

Gabrielsen

Skaare

et al. 2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Statistical analysis of organochlorine contaminants (OCs) in marine mammals has shown that, for most OCs, the European Arctic is more contaminated than the Canadian and U.S. Arctic. Recently, comparison of OC concentration ranges in seabirds, arctic cod (Boregadus saida), and zooplankton, found no difference between these regions. To address these inconsistencies, marine food web OC data from the European (central Barents Sea (CBS)) and Canadian Arctic (Northwater Polynya (NOW)) were simultaneously statistically analyzed. In general, concentra tions of OCs were greater in seabirds and ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the CBS as compared to the NOW; consistent with circumpolar trends observed in marine mammals. In contrast, levels of OCs were generally similar in zooplankton and arctic cod between the CBS and NOW. The main exception is HCH which had greater levels in the NOW across all trophic levels because of the greater proximity to sources in eastern Asia. The lack of differences in OC concentrations in zooplankton and Arctic cod from the European and Canadian Arctic suggest that regional differences in OC contamination in the Arctic have evened out. Reduced regional differences were not observed in marine mammals or seabirds because they are long-lived and also acquire contaminants from maternal transfer and hence reflect levels from the past when the European Arctic was more contaminated than the Canadian Arctic. In addition, seabirds may reflect exposure from other areas. This study highlights the potential problem of comparing spatial trends by using means and confidence intervals as compared to simultaneous statistical analysis of raw data. Differences in the spatial trends of OCs between trophic levels in the Arctic are important for consideration when assessing regional differences in spatial and temporal trends of discontinued and current-use contaminants.

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Section: Marine Mammalssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do Organochlorine Differences between Arctic Regions Vary among Trophic Levels?

Borgå

Gabrielsen

Skaare

et al. 2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The fi nal destination for many of these compounds is a body of water, where they adsorb to organic matter and are incorporated by plankton (WHO 1976, Newman 1998. Due to the mentioned chemical stability as well as to their resistance to metabolic degradation, some organochlorines are extremely persistent in the environment, which eases their concentration increase through trophic chains (Borga et al 2001). Therefore, fi sh and mammals are critical groups and may present high concentrations in their tissues.…”

Section: Organochlorine Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aquatic organisms, especially those occupying top position on the food chains, tend to present high PCB concentrations in their tissues as a result of the biomagnifi cations process (Borga et al 2001, Hoekstra et al 2003.…”

Section: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Pcbs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dolphins as Indicators of Micropollutant Trophic Flow in Amazon Basin

et al. 2008

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This study presents an overview of the appropriateness of the use of Amazonian cetaceans as sentinel species for environmental contamination by micropollutants, such as organochlorines and mercury. Due to the top position in food webs occupied by cetaceans and to their long life-span, high micropollutant concentrations have been verifi ed in their tissues, what allows an amplifi cation of the determination capacity by different analytical procedures. Besides providing an analytical advantage, the continuous micropollutant determination in cetaceans has been useful: as a reference of pollutant availability to other organisms; to integrate a complex signal of pollution; to quantify the ecological signifi cance of a contamination. Therefore, published information on the concentrations of the quoted pollutants in the Amazonian cetaceans Inia geoffrensis (boto) and Sotalia fl uviatilis (tucuxi) were gathered herewith. Carrying out comparison with data from Brazilian coastal cetaceans, it became clear how high the levels observed in Amazonian aquatic mammals are. In this context, mercury deserves to be highlighted. Despite the little volume of information on the concentrations of mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane in Amazonian cetaceans, the existing information already demonstrates that the levels observed mirror the environmental contamination by such pollutants in distinct Amazonian environments. Perspectives for future investigations are also discussed, including possible ways of overcoming obstacles related to sampling of Amazonian cetaceans. Keywords: Brazil, Amazon, cetacean, mercury, organochlorines. RESUMOBOTOS COMO INDICADORES DO FLUXO TRÓFICO DE MICROPOLUENTES NA BACIA AMAZÔNICA. Este estudo apresenta uma visão geral da adequabilidade do uso de cetáceos amazônicos como espécies sentinelas da contaminação ambiental por micropoluentes como o mercúrio e os organoclorados. Devido ao fato de ocuparem posição de topo nas teias alimentares, bem como à grande longevidade alcançada pelos cetáceos, elevadas concentrações de micropoluentes têm sido verifi cadas em seus tecidos, o que possibilita uma amplifi cação da capacidade de determinação de elementos e compostos por diferentes procedimentos analíticos. Além de proporcionar vantagem analítica, a determinação de micropoluentes em cetáceos de forma regular têm sido útil: como avaliação da disponibilidade de poluentes a outros organismos; para integrar um sinal complexo de poluição; bem como para quantifi car a signifi cância ecológica de dada contaminação. Desta forma, foram reunidas aqui as informações publicadas sobre as concentrações dos referidos poluentes nos cetáceos amazônicos Inia geoffrensis (boto) e Sotalia fl uviatilis (tucuxi). Efetuando-se comparação com as concentrações observadas em cetáceos costeiros brasileiros, fi ca patente o quão elevados são os níveis verifi cados em tais mamíferos aquáticos amazônicos, com destaque para o mercúrio. Apesar do reduzido volume de informação acerca das concentrações de me...

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“…Los más acumulados con diferencia son los PCBs. Jan Mayen, y el mar de Barents (Gabrielsen et al, 1997, Borgå et al, 2001, Fisk et al, 2001Hoekstra, 2002) Lagos, USA (Secher et al, 2013) En las aguas superficiales los PCBs están presentes en cantidades sustanciales. De hecho, estos compuestos tienden a adherirse a la superficie de la materia orgánica que está en suspensión en el agua y pueden permanecer en los sedimentos durante mucho tiempo, liberándose lentamente en el agua y evaporándose en el aire.…”

Section: Estructura Usos Y Localizaciónunclassified

Respuesta transcripcional de Populus a bifenilos policlorados: Aspectos aplicados a la fitorremediación

Gutiérrez¹

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Biomagnification of organochlorines along a Barents Sea food chain

Cited by 313 publications

References 56 publications

Why Do Organochlorine Differences between Arctic Regions Vary among Trophic Levels?

Why Do Organochlorine Differences between Arctic Regions Vary among Trophic Levels?

Dolphins as Indicators of Micropollutant Trophic Flow in Amazon Basin

Respuesta transcripcional de Populus a bifenilos policlorados: Aspectos aplicados a la fitorremediación

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