BIOLUMINESCENCE AND OTHER RESPONSES SPREAD BY EPITHELIAL CONDUCTION IN THE SIPHONOPHORE<i>HIPPOPODIUS</i>

Bassot, Jean‐Marie; Bilbaut, André; Mackie, G. O.; Passano, L. M.; Ceccatty, M. Pavans de

doi:10.2307/1540785

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In self-luminescent metazoans characterised by differentiated photogenic structures, emission is controlled either by hormones (Claes and Mallefet, 2009) or via coupling mechanisms between photocytes and excitable cells, including neural, muscular or epithelial cells (Herring and Morin, 1978;Anctil, 1987;Hastings and Morin, 1991;Krönström et al, 2009). Although luminescence can originate in a nerve-free bioluminescent epithelium, such as in the conducting epithelia of some Hydrozoa (Bassot et al, 1978;Dunlap et al, 1987) and Anthozoa (Germain and Anctil, 1996), it is most frequently controlled by neural pathways (Nicol, 1960;Case and Strause, 1978). In addition to turning the light emission on and off, nervous control abilities can modulate and adjust the intensity, duration, frequency or angular distribution of a light signal and thus generate diversity and specificity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological control of bioluminescence in a deep-sea planktonic worm, Tomopteris helgolandica Greeff, 1879

Gouveneaux

Mallefet

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological control of bioluminescence in a deep-sea planktonic worm, Tomopteris helgolandica Greeff, 1879

Gouveneaux

Mallefet

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Within the cell, the bioluminescent system is further localized in granules with a pseudo crystalline structure, the photosomes (Pavans de Ceccaty er al., 1972, 1977Bassot, 1966a), which are part of, or concentrated in, the endoplasmic reticulum, and may be a local specialization of the endoplasmic reticulum. Image intensifier techniques have shown that these granules are indeed the source of light (Bassot and Bilbaut, 1977b). They are also fluorescent ; in vim these fluorescent particles correspond to the light emitting sources.…”

Section: Annelids: Acholiiementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Light emission moves from the centre of the scale to the exterior (Bassot and Bilbaut, 1977a), but at the intracellular level, light from granules moves from the exterior to the interior of the cell. This migration of activity can also be followed by fluorescence techniques (Bassot and Bilbaut, 1977b). A pace-maker type of autostimulation mechanism is present in the scale.…”

Section: Annelids: Acholiiementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioluminescence: Physiological Control and Regulation at the Molecular Level

Henry

Michelson

1978

Photochem & Photobiology

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Abstract-Three different classes of bioluminescence have been critically reviewed with special reference to the molecular physiology of control and regulation of light emission in its various forms. INTRODUC'IIONBioluminescence may be defined as emission by living organisms of light which is visible to the eye. Sometimes the function of this phenomenon in behavioural terms is quite clear, as in the case of fireflies (sexual attraction) or the angler fish (attraction of victims) but often a function which would satisfy human logic is obscure, as with luminescent bacteria.If we consider as axiomatic that light emission occurs in order to be seen [this excludes other possible hypotheses such as oxygen desintoxification or production of activated oxygen species ] the bioluminescent reaction must satisfy certain conditions: (1) the quantum yield must be as high as possible, (2) the energy range, i.e. the colour, must be adapted to the receptor organs of the second partner in this social exchange, and (3) tight intensity (rate of production of photons) is more important than total light emitted. Thus, a short lived high level emission, with a duration of fraction of a second, can be more useful than low level emission over a much longer time. The third of these conditions is perhaps the most interesting, since it implies a completely different enzymology in which the 'catalytic properties of the protein functioning as an enzyme are less significant than the control and synchronization of the enzymic system.Bioluminescence is the result of enzymic oxidations which differ in many characteristics among the various zoological groups (Harvey, 1952). Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the number of distinct enzymic systems is considerably less than the number of species showing bioluminescence. This is due to various factors, among which is the existence of a relationship between the luciferases and luciferins from one species to another (not necessarily closely related), for example Cypridina (ostracod crustacean) and Renilla (coelenterate). Symbiotic phenomena also play a role, for example luminescent bacteria in fish, as well as dietetic pathways, e.g. fish and crustaceans. These diverse enzymic reactions can be adapted in various ways to satisfy the conditions mentioned above. Thus, while a simple bioluminescent reaction can be writtenpresence of a third highly fluorescent component can increase the overall quantum yield as a result of energy transfer. Localization of substrate can be such that the enzyme operates at V,,, thus satisfying the third condition.Apart from molecular organization, various levels of physiological control can be exercised by three major mechanisms: (1) the necessary components are excreted and the enzymic reaction takes place outside of the emitting individual, e.g. Pholas dactylus (mollusc) and Cypridina, (2) the reaction is intracellular but the intensity does not vary or varies very slowly, e.g. bacteria and fungi, and (3) the reaction is intracellular and is highly controlled by the indivi...

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“…But how related are the elements of these systems? Neuroid or non-nervous conduction in giant plant or algal cells such as Mimosa or Nitella (Fromm and Lautner, 2007) functions similarly to the neuroid conducting tissues of glass sponge syncytia, and to the gap junction-coupled epithelia of cnidarians, ctenophores and other animals (Mackie, 1965;Bassot et al, 1978;Hernandez-Nicaise et al, 1980;Leys and Mackie, 1997). Different ions form the basis of the action potentials (chloride and calcium potentials in the plant and alga, calcium in the sponge, and sodium or calcium in cnidarians and ctenophores) but the effect is similargenerating a rapid signal that effects a behavioural response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elements of a ‘nervous system’ in sponges

Leys

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

126

123

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Genomic and transcriptomic analyses show that sponges possess a large repertoire of genes associated with neuronal processes in other animals, but what is the evidence these are used in a coordination or sensory context in sponges? The very different phylogenetic hypotheses under discussion today suggest very different scenarios for the evolution of tissues and coordination systems in early animals. The sponge genomic 'toolkit' either reflects a simple, pre-neural system used to protect the sponge filter or represents the remnants of a more complex signalling system and sponges have lost cell types, tissues and regionalization to suit their current suspensionfeeding habit. Comparative transcriptome data can be informative but need to be assessed in the context of knowledge of sponge tissue structure and physiology. Here, I examine the elements of the sponge neural toolkit including sensory cells, conduction pathways, signalling molecules and the ionic basis of signalling. The elements described do not fit the scheme of a loss of sophistication, but seem rather to reflect an early specialization for suspension feeding, which fits with the presumed ecological framework in which the first animals evolved.

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BIOLUMINESCENCE AND OTHER RESPONSES SPREAD BY EPITHELIAL CONDUCTION IN THE SIPHONOPHOREHIPPOPODIUS

Cited by 38 publications

References 21 publications

Physiological control of bioluminescence in a deep-sea planktonic worm, Tomopteris helgolandica Greeff, 1879

Physiological control of bioluminescence in a deep-sea planktonic worm, Tomopteris helgolandica Greeff, 1879

Bioluminescence: Physiological Control and Regulation at the Molecular Level

Elements of a ‘nervous system’ in sponges

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