Biology Trumps Management: Feedbacks and Constraints of Life-History Traits

Birkeland, Charles

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7249-5_12

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 232 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Because sexual reproduction is energetically expensive (Williams 1966), it may become compromised under stressful conditions (such as SAE) to reallocate more energy to survival. Empirical work supports the idea that corals maximize survival while compromising reproduction when they are subjected to stress (Birkeland 2015). Thus, it is expected that corals subjected to SAE will reduce reproductive processes to enhance survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Restricting current reproduction in favor of 545 survival is perhaps the most prominent individual trade-off, 546 often discussed in relation to the costs of reproduction 547 (Stearns 1992). As coral sexual reproduction, particularly 548 the production of eggs, is energetically expensive (Wil-549 liams 1966;Ramírez-Llodra 2002) and can be inhibited by 550 stressful conditions (like SAE), colonies tend to allocate 551 more energy to survival (Birkeland 2015). Similarly, a reduction in coral fecundity due to environmental disturbance can severely impact recruitment (e.g., Ward et al 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of short-term subaerial exposure on the cauliflower coral, Pocillopora damicornis, during a simulated extreme low-tide event

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of short-term subaerial exposure on the cauliflower coral, Pocillopora damicornis, during a simulated extreme low-tide event

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…undergoing change yet still retaining essentially the same function, structure, identity, and feedbacks (Walker et al 2004). Resilience combines two processes: "resistance" which refers to tolerance, acclimatisation and adaptation, and "recovery" which refers to reproduction, successful recruitment, repair and healing (Birkeland 2015b). Chronic human stressors such as fishing pressure, nutrient input and increased sea temperatures decrease the resilience of coral reefs (Hughes et al 2010;Anthony et al 2015).…”

Section: Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reduction of fecundity can last for several months up to several years after the stress event (Szmant and Gassman 1990;Cox and Ward 2002;Levitan et al 2014). Under chronic stress, this reduction in resource allocation towards reproduction in favour of survival becomes a permanent state (Birkeland 2015b). On several Caribbean reefs, for example, a decrease in abundance of reproductive adult coral colonies and lower coral fecundity rates have led to a decline of coral recruitment and with it the ability of the coral reef ecosystem to recover after a disturbance Bak et al 2005).…”

Section: Difference In Coral Recruitment Between Resilient and Degrad...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Factors Affecting Coral Recruitment and Calcium Carbonate Accretion Rates on a Central Pacific Coral Reef

Elmer¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

<p>Coral recruitment and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) accretion are fundamental processes that help maintain coral reefs. Many reefs worldwide have experienced degradation, including a decrease in coral cover and biodiversity. Successful coral recruitment helps degraded reefs to recover, while CaCO₃ accretion by early successional benthic organisms maintains the topographic complexity of a coral reef system. It is therefore important to understand the processes that affect coral recruitment and CaCO₃ accretion rates in order to understand how coral reefs recover from disturbances. The aim of this thesis was to determine how biophysical forcing factors affect coral recruitment, calcification and bioerosion on a pristine coral reef. I used artificial settlement tiles to measure coral recruitment and CaCO₃ accretion at ten sites (four on the fore reef, four on the Western Reef Terrace and two at the Entrance Channel) at Palmyra Atoll. Fungia skeletons and pieces of dead coral rock were used to measure bioerosion rates, which were combined with the CaCO₃ accretion rates to obtain a net CaCO₃ budget of the reef substratum. Interactions between coral recruits and other benthic organisms on the settlement tiles were recorded to determine the settlement preferences and competitive strength of coral recruits. The settlement preference of Pocillopora damicornis for divots shaped like steephead and bumphead parrotfish bites marks was determined by adding P. damicornis larvae to a container with a settlement tile with the aforementioned divots. I found that coral recruitment and CaCO₃ accretion are influenced by biophysical forcing factors. Most pocilloporids likely recruit close to their parents while the origin of poritid larvae is much more distant. Pocilloporid recruitment rates were also significantly correlated with the successional stage of the benthic community on the settlement tiles, especially the cover of biofilm and bryozoa. Biofilm and crustose coralline algae (CCA) were preferred as settlement substrata by coral larvae, however both pocilloporids and poritids settled on a large number of different benthic substrata. P. damicornis larvae showed a significant settlement preference for divots shaped like parrotfish bite marks over a flat settlement surface. Coral recruits were good competitors against encrusting algae but were often outcompeted by filamentous and upright algae. Settlement tiles were almost entirely colonised by benthic organisms within three to twelve months of deployment. The mass of CaCO₃ deposited onto the settlement tiles negatively correlated with herbivore grazing pressure on the benthic community. Bioerosion rates within pieces of coral (internal bioerosion) increased over time but overall bioerosion rates (internal and external) rarely exceeded CaCO₃ deposition by CCA. My results show how variability in biophysical forcing factors leads to natural variation in coral recruitment and CaCO₃ accretion. This thesis highlights the importance of measuring herbivore grazing, CCA and turf algae cover to gain a better understanding of reef resilience. I conclude that models constructed for Caribbean reefs may not be suited to predict resilience in Pacific reefs and that within the Pacific, two different kinds of resilience models need to be constructed, one for human-inhabited coral reefs and one for uninhabited coral reefs.</p>

show abstract

Sediment characteristics influence the fertilisation success of the corals Acropora tenuis and Acropora millepora

Ricardo

Jones

Clode

et al. 2018

Marine Pollution Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biology Trumps Management: Feedbacks and Constraints of Life-History Traits

Cited by 6 publications

References 232 publications

Effect of short-term subaerial exposure on the cauliflower coral, Pocillopora damicornis, during a simulated extreme low-tide event

Effect of short-term subaerial exposure on the cauliflower coral, Pocillopora damicornis, during a simulated extreme low-tide event

Factors Affecting Coral Recruitment and Calcium Carbonate Accretion Rates on a Central Pacific Coral Reef

Sediment characteristics influence the fertilisation success of the corals Acropora tenuis and Acropora millepora

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About