Biology of the South American Potamotrygonid Stingrays

Rosa, Ricardo S.; Charvet, Patrícia; Quijada, Carla Diban

doi:10.1201/9781420080483-c5

Cited by 52 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…La raya manzana, manta o ceja Paratrygon aiereba se registra en el norte de Bolivia en los afluentes del río Madeira, en el este de Perú en el río Ucayali, en Brasil, en los ríos Negro, Solimões, Branco, Madeira y Pará en Venezuela en la cuenca del río Orinoco y su drenaje, y en el río Amazonas (desde Ecuador) y sus principales tributarios, incluyendo el río Tocantins (Lovejoy, 1996;Carvalho et al, 2003;Lasso et al, 2009a;Rosa et al, 2010). Aunque estos trabajos a escala subcontinental no registran esta raya para cuerpos de agua colombianos, varios autores han registrado su presencia, específicamente en los ríos Meta, Inírida, Tomo, Orinoco y bajo río Arauca (Maldonado-Ocampo et al, 2006, 2008MaldonadoOcampo & Bogotá-Gregory, 2007;Lasso et al, 2009b).…”

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“…Estas observaciones sugieren que la hembra adulta se encontraba grávida en el momento de la captura y el embrión se encontraba en una etapa avanzada de desarrollo. Asimismo, la presencia del saco vitelino sustenta el modo de reproducción vivíparo matrotrófico característico de la familia Potamotrygonidae (Hamlett & Kobb, 1999;Rosa et al, 2010). Rosa (1990), reporta tallas de nacimiento de 10,8 cm de AD para la especie en el Amazonas brasilero, siendo inferior a la que podría presentarse en la Orinoquía colombiana (superior a 16 cm de AD).…”

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Primer registro de la raya manzana, Paratrygon aiereba (Muller y Henle, 1841) (Batoidea: Potamotrygonidae) para el rio Bita, Orinoquia, Colombia

Muñoz-Osorio¹,

Mejía‐Falla²

2013

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Primer registro de la raya manzana, Paratrygon aiereba (Muller y Henle, 1841) (Batoidea: Potamotrygonidae) para el rio Bita, Orinoquia, Colombia

Muñoz-Osorio¹,

Mejía‐Falla²

2013

lajar

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“…Variation in hypoxia tolerance among potamotrygonid species may contribute to niche-partitioning and the coexistence of closely related taxa in a widely heterogeneous environment. As potamotrygonid rays are found in a wide variety of habitats, including main river channels, floodplain lakes, flooded forest, and both lentic and lotic environments (Rosa et al, 2010), and also considering that several aquatic species may experience profound changes in oxygen availability in the Amazon Basin (Almeida-Val et al, 1999), it is probable that some hypoxia-tolerant potamotrygonids have substantially larger gills than other less tolerant species. The gill dimensions can also be influenced by the level of an animal's activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gill dimensions in near-term embryos of Amazonian freshwater stingrays (Elasmobranchii: Potamotrygonidae) and their relationship to the lifestyle and habitat of neonatal pups

2015

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This comparative study of gill morphometrics in near-term embryos of freshwater stingray potamotrygonids examines gill dimensions in relation to neonatal lifestyle and habitat. In embryos of the potamotrygonids Paratrygon aiereba, Plesiotrygon iwamae, Potamotrygon motoro, Potamotrygon orbignyi, and cururu ray Potamotrygon sp. the number and length of filaments, total gill surface area, mass-specific surface area, water-blood diffusion distance, and anatomical diffusion factor were analysed. In all potamotrygonids, the 3 rd branchial arch possessed a larger respiratory surface than the other gill arches. Larger embryos had more gill surface area and large spiracles, which are necessary to maintain the high oxygen uptake needed due to their larger body size. However, the higher mass-specific gill surface area observed in near-term embryos may be advantageous because neonates can use hypoxic environments as refuges against predators, as well as catch small prey that inhabit the same environment. As expected from their benthic mode of life, freshwater stingrays are sluggish animals compared to pelagic fishes. However, based on gill respiratory morphometry (such as gill area, mass-specific gill area, the water-blood diffusion barrier, anatomical diffusion factor, and relative opening of the spiracle), subtypes of lifestyles can be observed corresponding to: active, intermediate, and sluggish species according to Gray's scale.Este estudo realizado com embriões a termo de arraias de água doce (Potamotrygonidae) compara e analisa as dimensões branquiais em relação ao estilo de vida e habitat dos neonatos. Nos embriões de Paratrygon aiereba, Plesiotrygon iwamae, Potamotrygon motoro, Potamotrygon orbignyi e Potamotrygon sp. (arraia cururu) foram analisados número e comprimento dos filamentos, área branquial, área superficial branquial massa-específica, barreira de difusão água-sangue e fator de difusão anatômico. Em todos os potamotrigonídeos estudados, o 3º arco branquial possui uma superfície respiratória maior que os demais arcos. Embriões de espécies de maior porte possuem grandes espiráculos e maior área de superfície branquial. Isso ajuda a manter a taxa de absorção de oxigênio proporcional ao requerimento do animal. No entanto, a grande área de superfície branquial massa-específica observadas nos embriões a termo pode ser vantajosa, pois os neonatos podem usar ambientes hipóxicos como refúgios contra predadores, bem como capturar pequenas presas que habitam o mesmo ambiente. Devido ao modo de vida bentônico, as arraias de água doce são nadadoras lentas comparadas aos peixes pelágicos. No entanto, com base na morfometria branquial (área de superfície branquial, área branquial massa-específica, barreira de difusão água-sangue, fator de difusão anatômico e abertura relativa do espiráculo), subtipos de estilos de vida podem ser observados: ativas, intermediárias e lentas, conforme escala definida por Gray.

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“…Only in recent years, the surveys of Brazilian fish species, and particularly of freshwater stingrays, were intensified. In the last years, the potamotrygonids have rekindled the interest of researchers, enabling the generation of data on the biology, ecology, taxonomy, and toxicology of some species (see Garrone Neto & Haddad Jr., 2010;Rosa et al, 2010;Carvalho & Lovejoy, 2011 and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity and habitat use of two species of stingrays (Myliobatiformes: Potamotrygonidae) in the upper Paraná River basin, Southeastern Brazil

Garrone‐Neto

Uieda

2012

Neotrop. ichthyol.

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The life history of freshwater stingrays (Potamotrygonidae) under natural conditions has been poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the period of activity and the habitat use of two species of the genus Potamotrygon in the upper Paraná River basin, Southeastern Brazil. Potamotrygon falkneri and P. motoro are similar to each other as far as the analyzed behavior is concerned. Individuals of both species segregate according to their size, and in function of the depth and period of the day. Younger individuals inhabit mostly sandy beaches and places that are no deeper than four meters throughout the whole day. Bigger stingrays realize bathymetric migrations, alternating their position between places deeper than eight meters during the day, and shallow areas at night. Individuals of intermediate size inhabit transition environments that have greater habitat diversity. Both species presented mostly nocturnal habits, especially regarding their feeding behavior. The behavioral patterns observed seem to go through ontogenetic variations and probably change throughout the year, between dry and wet seasons.Informações sobre o modo de vida das raias de água doce (Potamotrygonidae) sob condições naturais são escassas. Neste trabalho, estudamos o período de atividade e as formas de uso do habitat de duas espécies do gênero Potamotrygon na bacia do alto rio Paraná, no Sudeste do Brasil. Potamotrygon falkneri e P. motoro apresentaram comportamento muito semelhante, com nítida segregação espacial dos indivíduos em função do seu tamanho, da profundidade e do período do dia. Juvenis estiveram associados a praias arenosas e locais com profundidades abaixo de quatro metros ao longo de todo o dia. Raias de grande porte realizaram migrações batimétricas, alternando sua posição entre locais com profundidade superior a oito metros durante o dia e áreas mais rasas à noite. Indivíduos com tamanho intermediário ocuparam ambientes de transição, com maior heterogeneidade ambiental. Ambas as espécies apresentaram atividade, especialmente alimentar, predominantemente noturna. Os padrões comportamentais estudados parecem sofrer variações ontogenéticas e é provável que se alterem ao longo do ano, entre períodos de seca e cheia.

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Biology of the South American Potamotrygonid Stingrays

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Primer registro de la raya manzana, Paratrygon aiereba (Muller y Henle, 1841) (Batoidea: Potamotrygonidae) para el rio Bita, Orinoquia, Colombia

Primer registro de la raya manzana, Paratrygon aiereba (Muller y Henle, 1841) (Batoidea: Potamotrygonidae) para el rio Bita, Orinoquia, Colombia

Gill dimensions in near-term embryos of Amazonian freshwater stingrays (Elasmobranchii: Potamotrygonidae) and their relationship to the lifestyle and habitat of neonatal pups

Activity and habitat use of two species of stingrays (Myliobatiformes: Potamotrygonidae) in the upper Paraná River basin, Southeastern Brazil

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