Biology of Fungi and Their Bacterial Endosymbionts

Pawlowska, Teresa E.; Gaspar, María L.; Lastovetsky, Olga A.; Mondo, Stephen J.; Real-Ramírez, Imperio; Shakya, Evaniya; Bonfante, Paola

doi:10.1146/annurev-phyto-080417-045914

Cited by 62 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Another noteworthy feature is the presence of symbiotic bacteria in the cells of Pigoraptor vietnamica. Symbiotic bacteria are common in both vertebrate and invertebrate animals including placozoan Trichoplax [62] and fungi [63]. Bacterial endosymbionts are also known in unicellular protists from all eukaryotic supergroups and perform a multitude of new biochemical functions in the host [64,65].…”

Section: Structural Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the origin of metazoan multicellularity from predatory unicellular relatives of animals

et al. 2020

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Background: The origin of animals from their unicellular ancestor was one of the most important events in evolutionary history, but the nature and the order of events leading up to the emergence of multicellular animals are still highly uncertain. The diversity and biology of unicellular relatives of animals have strongly informed our understanding of the transition from single-celled organisms to the multicellular Metazoa. Here, we analyze the cellular structures and complex life cycles of the novel unicellular holozoans Pigoraptor and Syssomonas (Opisthokonta), and their implications for the origin of animals. Results: Syssomonas and Pigoraptor are characterized by complex life cycles with a variety of cell types including flagellates, amoeboflagellates, amoeboid non-flagellar cells, and spherical cysts. The life cycles also include the formation of multicellular aggregations and syncytium-like structures, and an unusual diet for single-celled opisthokonts (partial cell fusion and joint sucking of a large eukaryotic prey), all of which provide new insights into the origin of multicellularity in Metazoa. Several existing models explaining the origin of multicellular animals have been put forward, but these data are interestingly consistent with one, the "synzoospore hypothesis." Conclusions: The feeding modes of the ancestral metazoan may have been more complex than previously thought, including not only bacterial prey, but also larger eukaryotic cells and organic structures. The ability to feed on large eukaryotic prey could have been a powerful trigger in the formation and development of both aggregative (e.g., joint feeding, which also implies signaling) and clonal (e.g., hypertrophic growth followed by palintomy) multicellular stages that played important roles in the emergence of multicellular animals.

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Section: Structural Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the origin of metazoan multicellularity from predatory unicellular relatives of animals

et al. 2020

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“…More interestingly, Burkholderia endobacteria has a role in the reproductive biology of this host Rhizopus microsporus (Mucoromycotina) (Partida-Martinez et al, 2007;Torres-Cortés et al, 2015;Mondo et al, 2017). AMF also have the propensity to host diverse endobacteria (Bianciotto et al, 2003;Naito et al, 2017), suggesting the intriguing theoretical scenario that AMF endobactirea influence the genetic dynamics (Pawlowska et al, 2018). Accordingly, although many investigation is needed, in contrast to previous situation where there was little information underlying genetic heterogeneity, the genetics of model AMF may be easier to understand than previously thought, and the genetic control and utilization of the specific functional traits of AMF in the field may become possible.…”

Section: Perspective: How Do We Know About Dynamic Mycorrhizal Phosphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Phosphate Uptake in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Roots Under Field Conditions

Kobae

2019

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Many crops are colonized with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which can efficiently absorb nutrients such as phosphate from the soil. The utilization of mycorrhizal symbioses is one of the most promising options for developing resource-saving and sustainable agricultural systems. Most laboratory studies have illustrated the roles of AM symbiosis by inoculating plants with limited AMF isolates. In the field, however, the roots of crops are co-colonized with multiple AMF species, which are difficult to separate and identify and may have different abilities regarding phosphate uptake. In addition, it is difficult to understand which AMF are functional due to the dynamics of AMF colonization processes and the largely unknown genomic structure. This review summarizes key discoveries supporting the importance of the dynamics of AM colonization and genomic structure, which potentially influence the characteristics of AM phosphate uptake. Moreover, this review aims to identify the research direction necessary to obtain a better understanding of the phosphate uptake systems of crops in the field.

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“…Endobacterial association with fungi governs several physiological processes in the host fungi including sporulation, biomass production, lipid metabolism, etc. [13]. Bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs) also play crucial role in metabolite production leading to its importance in ecology, agriculture, food processing, and pharmaceutical research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of interaction of an endofungal bacterium Serratia marcescens D1 with its host and non-host fungi

et al. 2020

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Association of bacteria with fungi is a major area of research in infection biology, however, very few strains of bacteria have been reported that can invade and reside within fungal hyphae. Here, we report the characterization of an endofungal bacterium Serratia marcescens D1 from Mucor irregularis SS7 hyphae. Upon re-inoculation, colonization of the endobacterium S. marcescens D1 in the hyphae of Mucor irregularis SS7 was demonstrated using stereo microscopy. However, S. marcescens D1 failed to invade into the hyphae of the tested Ascomycetes (except Fusarium oxysporum) and Basidiomycetes. Remarkably, Serratia marcescens D1 could invade and spread over the culture of F. oxysporum that resulted in mycelial death. Prodigiosin, the red pigment produced by the Serratia marcescens D1, helps the bacterium to invade fungal hyphae as revealed by the increasing permeability in fungal cell membrane. On the other hand, genes encoding the type VI secretion system (T6SS) assembly protein TssJ and an outer membrane associated murein lipoprotein also showed significant up-regulation during the interaction process, suggesting the involvement of T6SS in the invasion process.

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Biology of Fungi and Their Bacterial Endosymbionts

Cited by 62 publications

References 136 publications

Insights into the origin of metazoan multicellularity from predatory unicellular relatives of animals

Insights into the origin of metazoan multicellularity from predatory unicellular relatives of animals

Dynamic Phosphate Uptake in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Roots Under Field Conditions

Mechanism of interaction of an endofungal bacterium Serratia marcescens D1 with its host and non-host fungi

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