Biology of environmental effects

Rutter, Michael; Azis‐Clauson, Camilla; Thapar, Anita; Pine, Daniel S.; Leckman, James F.; Scott, Stephen; Snowling, Margaret J.; Taylor, Eric

doi:10.1002/9781118381953.ch23

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Validity Of Abuse As a Cause Of Mental Disorder1

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2015

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“…It could be that single, isolated acts of physical abuse are less likely to have lasting psychological sequelae but abuse usually involves multiple acts and several varieties of abuse. There is an abundance of evidence that abuse and other adverse experiences have major biological consequences (see Rutter & Azis‐Clauson, , for a review). However, the biology has proved to be much more diverse than originally envisaged, although epigenetics and HPA (neuroendocrine) effects have tended to predominate in the literature.…”

Section: Validity Of Abuse As a Cause Of Mental Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Research Review: Threats to the validity of child psychiatry and psychology

Rutter

Pickles

2015

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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The two major threats to validity concern the inability to examine brain tissues in life and the evidence that there is a high overlap among disorders. We emphasize the need to follow published guidelines on preplanned analyses and we note the dangers associated with unregulated flexibility in data analysis. We note the very important clinical and developmental findings that have been ignored, perhaps partly because of an excessive focus on technologies. Nevertheless, we are positive about both the accomplishments and the ways in which challenges are being met.

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Section: Validity Of Abuse As a Cause Of Mental Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%