Biology of breast cancer brain metastases and novel therapies targeting the blood brain barrier: an updated review

Zhao, Huabin; Wang, Luxuan; Ji, Xiaolin; Zhang, Lijian; Li, Chunhui

doi:10.1007/s12032-023-02047-0

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…However, these have limited survival benefit and can result in a reduced quality of life 7,8 . Systemic treatments such as cytotoxic chemotherapy may be used, but these therapies have difficulty reaching the tumor due to the presence of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) or blood-tumor-barrier (BTB) 9,10 . The BBB is formed by endothelial cells and Aght juncAons, which can be disrupted in a heterogenous manner with the formaAon of a tumor 9,11 .…”

Section: Introduc'onmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systemic treatments such as cytotoxic chemotherapy may be used, but these therapies have difficulty reaching the tumor due to the presence of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) or blood-tumor-barrier (BTB) 9,10 . The BBB is formed by endothelial cells and Aght juncAons, which can be disrupted in a heterogenous manner with the formaAon of a tumor 9,11 . This heterogenous permeability causes changes in accumulaAon of chemotherapies.…”

Section: Introduc'onmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these have limited survival benefit and can result in a reduced quality of life 7,8 . Systemic treatments such as cytotoxic chemotherapy may be used, but these therapies have difficulty reaching the tumor due to the presence of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) which is formed by endothelial cells and tight junctions 9,10 . When the BBB remains intact, the use of a systemic treatment will not reach the target and not elicit any therapeutic outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the BBB remains intact, the use of a systemic treatment will not reach the target and not elicit any therapeutic outcome. However, the BBB can be disrupted in a heterogenous manner with the formation of a tumor, resulting in what is known as the blood-tumor-barrier (BTB) 9,11 . This heterogenous permeability causes changes in accumulation of chemotherapies; this has been observed in experimental models of brain metastases where there has been evidence of impairment of the BTB, although some barrier functions remain intact, limiting the accumulation of drugs to such low amounts which do not elicit any therapeutic effect 12,13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic particle imaging reveals that iron-labeled extracellular vesicles accumulate in brains of mice with metastases

Toomajian,

Tundo,

Ural

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The incidence of breast cancer remains high worldwide and is associated with a significant risk of metastasis to the brain that can be fatal; this is due, in part, to the inability of therapeutics to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been found to cross the BBB and further, have been used to deliver drugs to tumors. EVs from different cell types appear to have different patterns of accumulation and retention as well as efficiency of bioactive cargo delivery to recipient cells in the body. Engineering EVs as delivery tools to treat brain metastases, therefore, will require an understanding of the timing of EV accumulation, and their localization relative to metastatic sites. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a sensitive and quantitative imaging method that directly detects superparamagnetic iron. Here, we demonstrate MPI as a novel tool to characterize EV biodistribution in metastatic disease after labeling EVs with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles. Iron-labeled EVs (FeEVs) were collected from iron-labeled parental primary 4T1 tumor cells and brain-seeking 4T1BR5 cells, followed by injection into mice with orthotopic tumors or brain metastases. MPI quantification revealed that FeEVs were retained for longer in orthotopic mammary carcinomas compared to SPIOs. MPI signal due to iron could only be detected in brains of mice bearing brain metastases after injection of FeEVs, but not SPIOs, or FeEVs when mice did not have brain metastases. These findings indicate the potential use of EVs as a therapeutic delivery tool in primary and metastatic tumors.

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Section: Introduc'onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduc'onmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these have limited survival benefit and can result in a reduced quality of life 7,8 . Systemic treatments such as cytotoxic chemotherapy may be used, but these therapies have difficulty reaching the tumor due to the presence of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) which is formed by endothelial cells and tight junctions 9,10 . When the BBB remains intact, the use of a systemic treatment will not reach the target and not elicit any therapeutic outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Magnetic particle imaging reveals that iron-labeled extracellular vesicles accumulate in brains of mice with metastases

Toomajian,

Tundo,

Ural

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Biology of breast cancer brain metastases and novel therapies targeting the blood brain barrier: an updated review

Cited by 1 publication

References 105 publications

Magnetic particle imaging reveals that iron-labeled extracellular vesicles accumulate in brains of mice with metastases

Magnetic particle imaging reveals that iron-labeled extracellular vesicles accumulate in brains of mice with metastases

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