Biology of
Aphelinus spiraecolae
(Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a Parasitoid of the Spirea Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Tang, Y. Q.; Yokomi, R. K.

doi:10.1093/ee/25.2.519

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The amount of host feeding observed for A. varipes was similar to that observed for other Aphelinus ‐species (C ATE et al., 1977; K UO , 1986; T ANG and Y OKOMI , 1996; T OKUMARU and T AKADA , 1996). The results also indicate that A. varipes has a daily number of parasitizations that is comparable to Aphelinus gossypii Timberlake (T OKUMARU and T AKADA , 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…The experiments indicate that A. varipes , like other aphelinid species (S TARý , 1988; T ANG and Y OKOMI , 1996) have the highest parasitization rate for the earlier host instars. Many Aphidiinae‐species, on the other hand, show a preference for second and third instar aphids (H A˚GVAR and H OFSVANG , 1991), or show no clear host‐stage preferences (Vö LKL et al., 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Effect of temperature and host stage on performance of Aphelinus varipes Förster (Hym., Aphelinidae) parasitizing the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hom., Aphididae)

Röhne¹

2002

J Applied Entomology

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Development time, mummification, pupal mortality, host feeding and sex ratio of a Norwegian strain of Aphelinus varipes Förster parasitizing the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover were studied at 20, 25 and 30°C in controlled climate cabinets. Petri dishes with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) leaves on agar were used as experimental units. Cotton aphids in different larval instars and as adults, reared at the three different temperatures, were presented to A. varipes in a `no‐choice' situation for 6 h. These presentations were done at 25°C in each experiment to avoid an influence of temperature on parasitization rate. More first instar aphids were parasitized than third and fourth instars among the aphids reared at 20°C. Pupal mortality of the parasitoid was not influenced by temperature. It was lower in aphids parasitized as adults than in aphids parasitized in second instar. The sex ratio of A. varipes was female‐biased, and varied between 92% females developed from aphids reared at 25°C and 70% from aphids reared at 20°C. The sex ratio was not significantly influenced by host stage. The development time of A. varipes ranged from 17.5 days at 20°C to 9.8 days at 30°C.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of temperature and host stage on performance of Aphelinus varipes Förster (Hym., Aphelinidae) parasitizing the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hom., Aphididae)

Röhne¹

2002

J Applied Entomology

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“…Several factors may moderate egg-vs. time-limitation, these include egg load, egg production rate, longevity, searching behaviour, experience and the presence of hostfeeding and egg resorption. Aphelinus females have a limited capacity to store eggs, and thus, their maximum egg loads are a small fraction of their lifetime egg production (Hartley 1922;Mackauer 1982;Tang & Yokomi 1996;Perng & Liu 2002;Wu & Heimpel 2007). In the laboratory with ample food and hosts, Aphelinus species have life spans of several weeks (Hartley 1922;Schlinger & Hall 1959;Tang & Yokomi 1996;Perng & Liu 2002), although life spans in the field may be much shorter because of predation and other hazards, as has been found for other aphelinids (Heimpel, Rosenheim & Mangel 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aphelinus females have a limited capacity to store eggs, and thus, their maximum egg loads are a small fraction of their lifetime egg production (Hartley 1922;Mackauer 1982;Tang & Yokomi 1996;Perng & Liu 2002;Wu & Heimpel 2007). In the laboratory with ample food and hosts, Aphelinus species have life spans of several weeks (Hartley 1922;Schlinger & Hall 1959;Tang & Yokomi 1996;Perng & Liu 2002), although life spans in the field may be much shorter because of predation and other hazards, as has been found for other aphelinids (Heimpel, Rosenheim & Mangel 1997). Aphelinus females take a long time to handle their hosts (Collins, Ward & Dixon 1981;De Farias & Hopper 1999) and attack hosts that occur in colonies so that the time spent in each aphid colony can be long.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is parasitoid acceptance of different host species dynamic?

2013

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Summary1. Parasitoid acceptance of host individuals that differ in suitability is dynamic, varying with physiological state and experience. Female parasitoids with high egg loads and low life expectancy (i.e. time limited) are more willing to accept hosts with low suitability for progeny development than females with low egg loads and high life expectancy (i.e. egg limited). However, studies of dynamic acceptance behaviour in parasitoids have only considered high-vs. lowsuitability host individuals within the same host species. 2. Here, we report the first results on whether acceptance of individuals from different host species that vary in suitability is also dynamic, using two aphid parasitoid species in the genus Aphelinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). 3. Stressors (starvation and age) and experience that increase time limitation did not affect the acceptance of low-suitability host species by two Aphelinus species with reciprocal specificities. 4. Oviposition in a high-suitability host species increased with egg load, but did not vary with egg load for females exposed to low-suitability host species. This is an unexpected pattern since it results in proportionally higher acceptance of low-suitability hosts with decreasing egg load. 5. The stability of behavioural host specificity in these parasitoids under very stressful conditions might be explained by (i) frequent transient egg limitation, (ii) higher fitness from egg resorption than oviposition or (iii) neural constraints on host recognition. 6. If neural constraints restrict the ability of these specialists to change their behaviour under stress, we predict that generalist species of Aphelinus should show greater dynamism in acceptance of low-suitability hosts. We are testing this prediction using Aphelinus species with very broad host ranges.

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“…1), the value of Σ l x m x (226.39) was virtually identical to Σ m x (222.80). T ang and Y okomi (1996) reported that the relatively sharp decline of the l x curve of Aphelinus spiraecolae (Evans and Schauff) after emergence caused a 35% reduction of Σ l x m x (67.3) as compared with Σ m x (103.5). Hence, the different survival patterns of Aphelinus species have an important influence on their potential reproductive success and population growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐specific survival and fecundity and their effects on the intrinsic rate of increase of Aphelinus gossypii (Hym., Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Aphis gossypii (Hom., Aphididae)

Perng

Liu

2002

J Applied Entomology

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The age-specific survival and fecundity of female adults of the aphidophagous parasitoid, Aphelinus gossypii Timberlake (Hym., Aphelinidae), were determined at a host density of 50 Aphis gossypii Glover (Hom., Aphididae) per leaf of Ageratum houstonianum Mill each day at 25degreesC. The age-specific mummy production, emergence rate and sex ratio of progeny were calculated. The implication of these results in terms of potential population growth of A. gossypii and related species is discussed. The age-specific survival curve (l(x)) of females exhibited a Type I pattern, which resulted in little difference between Sigmam(x) and Sigmal(x) m(x). The l(x) curve of males exhibited a Type II pattern, and their survival time was much shorter than that of females. Each mated female produced on average 598.9 +/- 64.0 aphid mummies, and preyed on 87.9 +/- 6.2 aphids. Most of the biological performance parameters were not different significantly between mated and virgin females. The highly female-biased sex ratio of offspring produced by mated females soon after their emergence resulted in a high fecundity rate (m(x)) during the early reproductive period. Therefore, although the sex ratio of progeny was male-biased during the entire reproductive period, the intrinsic rate of increase estimated using age-specific sex ratios was larger than that estimated using a constant sex ratio of 0.5. These results indicate that the high survival and the adaptation of producing mostly female offspring during the early reproductive period contribute much to the population increase potential of this parasitoid

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Biology of Aphelinus spiraecolae (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a Parasitoid of the Spirea Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of temperature and host stage on performance of Aphelinus varipes Förster (Hym., Aphelinidae) parasitizing the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hom., Aphididae)

Effect of temperature and host stage on performance of Aphelinus varipes Förster (Hym., Aphelinidae) parasitizing the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hom., Aphididae)

Is parasitoid acceptance of different host species dynamic?

Age‐specific survival and fecundity and their effects on the intrinsic rate of increase of Aphelinus gossypii (Hym., Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Aphis gossypii (Hom., Aphididae)

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