Biology and ultrastructure of sex pheromone-producing tissue

W.K., Peter; Ramaswamy, S.

doi:10.1016/b978-012107151-6/50004-9

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Tbe presence of several cellular organelles (mitochondria, Golgi complex, and endoplasmic reticule) in hypodermis gland cells of the PGC of P. obsoleta coincides with the establisbed classification of class I cells, typical of a epithelial gland tbat produces specialized substances (Noirot andQuennedey 1974, Ma andRamaswamy 2003). Tbis epithelial glatid type also has been reported in females of Anómala albopilosa albopilosa Hope (Tada and Leal 1997), H. parallela (Kim and Leal 1999), and Phyllojihaga ojjaca Moser (Romero-Lopez et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Regarding ACs of P. obsoleta, they presented a histological arrangement characteristic of glands that have a main function of secretion and storage, as well as sporadic transport and substance production function (Ma and Ramaswamy 2003). Only histological descriptions of ACs have been realized for others melolonthid species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other species, the sex pheromones are produced in epithelial cells located in the anal plate and in apical sternites and are emitted through cuticular pores (Tada and Leal 1997) or from an epithelial gland consisting of class I cells located in a "bag" that is exposed by the females during sexual calling (Kim and Leal 1999). Class I cells are considered as the principal producers of sex pheromones in insects (Ma and Ramaswamy 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Tissues Involved in Sex Pheromone Production in Phyllophaga obsoleta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae)

Romero-López

Arzuffi

Valdez

et al. 2011

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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Females of Phyllophaga obsoleta (Blanchard) (Coleóptera: Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae) perform "sexual calling" with their protractile genital chamber (PGC) exposed to release substances that attract males. Histological aspects of the PGC and accessory glands ( AGs) of P. obsoleta females were studied. Studies with light microscope and transmission electron microscope revealed exocrine tissue in the posterior section of the PGC, where it might be producing the attractants. This epithelial gland is formed by a basement membrane, a hypodermis for substance production, secretion, and transport (cells, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Colgi complex, and presence of folds in the plasma membrane), as well as evidence of the substance to be secreted to the outside (connecting cuticular pores to plasma membrane). Histological similarities between AG types I and II were observed, although only the PGC had properties of class I cells. These results suggest that the posterior section of the P. obsoleta PGC is involved in sex pheromone production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tissues Involved in Sex Pheromone Production in Phyllophaga obsoleta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae)

Romero-López

Arzuffi

Valdez

et al. 2011

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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“…Insects contain a plethora of exocrine glands where chemical messengers are produced (3). Our current understanding of the biosynthesis of insect pheromones is largely based on studies investigating moths, flies, cockroaches, and beetles (4,5).…”

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confidence: 99%

An epoxide hydrolase involved in the biosynthesis of an insect sex attractant and its use to localize the production site

Abdel-latief

Garbe

Koch

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Epoxide hydrolases (EHs) are enzymes occurring in virtually any living organism. They catalyze the hydrolysis of epoxide containing lipids and are involved in crucial mechanisms, such as the detoxification of xenobiotics or the regulation of inflammation and blood pressure. Here, we describe a function of a putative EH gene in the biosynthesis of a sex attractant in the jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis and use this gene to localize the site of pheromone production. Males of this parasitic wasp release a mixture of (4R,5R)-(Athreo-) and (4R,5S)-(Aerythro-)5-hydroxy-4-decanolide (HDL) to attract virgin females. Using a stable isotope labeled precursor, we demonstrated that vernolic acid (Aerythro-12,13-epoxy-octadec-9Z-enoic acid) is converted by N. vitripennis males to threo-HDL. This suggested the involvement of an EH in hydrolyzing the fatty acid epoxide under inversion of the stereochemistry into the respective diol, which might be further processed by chain shortening and lactonization to HDL. We cloned a putative N. vitripennis EH gene (Nasvi-EH1) encoding 470 amino acids and localized its transcripts in the male rectal papillae by in situ RT-PCR. Chemical analyses and histological studies confirmed that males synthesize the sex attractant in the rectal vesicle and release it via the anal orifice. Involvement of Nasvi-EH1 in HDL biosynthesis was established by RNAi-mediated gene silencing. Injection of Nasvi-EH1 dsRNA into male abdomens inhibited pheromone biosynthesis by 55% and suppressed the targeted gene transcripts in the rectal vesicle by 95%.Nasonia vitripennis ͉ pheromone biosynthesis ͉ pheromone gland

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“…These volatile, female-produced sex pheromones are a prerequisite for successful mating in most species in which males must locate females in relatively low population densities (Tamaki, 1985). The female moth typically produces and/or releases sex pheromone, a speciesspecific single component or blend of components, usually from a gland located between the eighth and ninth abdominal segments (Ma and Ramaswamy, 2003). Most moth sex pheromone components [socalled 'Type I' (Ando et al, 2004)] are biosynthesized de novo, from acetate, via fatty acid synthesis followed by several steps peculiar to the pheromone gland, including desaturation, limited chainshortening, reduction and acetylation and/or oxidation (Blomquist et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased allocation of adult-acquired carbohydrate to egg production results in its decreased allocation to sex pheromone production in mated females of the moth Heliothis virescens

Foster

Anderson

Harmon

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Females of most species of moths produce a volatile sex pheromone that attracts conspecific males over distance. In females of the polyandrous moth Heliothis virescens, feeding on carbohydrate (e.g. nectar) supplies precursor, via hemolymph trehalose, for both sex pheromone and egg production. With limited carbohydrate acquisition these two reproductive physiologies might compete for hemolymph trehalose, resulting in an allocation deficit to either sex pheromone or egg production. Using virgin and mated females, which have low and high egg maturation rates, respectively, we fed females a limited diet of 13 C-labeled glucose daily and, using mass isotopomer distribution analysis, determined allocations of adult-acquired carbohydrate (AAC) to newly synthesized pheromone and ovarian and egg fats, our proxies for allocation to egg production. With increased number of feeds, AAC enrichment of hemolymph trehalose increased, as expected. This led to mated females increasing their proportional allocation of AAC to ovarian and egg fats, but decreasing their proportional allocation of AAC to pheromone production. By contrast, virgins increased their proportional allocation of AAC to pheromone production with increased feeds, consistent with increasing AAC enrichment of hemolymph trehalose. These results show that with limited AAC intake, enhanced egg maturation in mated females results in reduced AAC allocation to pheromone production; this does not occur in virgins because of their lower egg maturation rate. This physiological competition for AAC corresponded with decreased pheromone production in mated moths to levels unlikely to attract mates. Therefore, the availability and/or allocation of AAC may be a proximate mechanism underlying the incidence of polyandry in this and other species of moths.

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Biology and ultrastructure of sex pheromone-producing tissue

Cited by 38 publications

References 109 publications

Tissues Involved in Sex Pheromone Production in Phyllophaga obsoleta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae)

Tissues Involved in Sex Pheromone Production in Phyllophaga obsoleta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae)

An epoxide hydrolase involved in the biosynthesis of an insect sex attractant and its use to localize the production site

Increased allocation of adult-acquired carbohydrate to egg production results in its decreased allocation to sex pheromone production in mated females of the moth Heliothis virescens

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