Biology and Management of the Spotted Lanternfly, <i>Lycorma delicatula</i> (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), in the United States

Urban, Julie; Leach, Heather

doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-120220-111140

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…It became an invasive pest in Korea in 2006 [ 16 ] and in Japan in 2008 [ 17 ], having been documented as a major pest of grapes and a nuisance pest in Korea [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], as well as the United States [ 15 ]. The SLF inflicts damage on plants both directly, through feeding in large numbers, and indirectly, by expelling honeydew onto surrounding plant material [ 14 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The accumulating honeydew promotes the growth of sooty mold, which inhibits photosynthesis and contaminates fruit meant for market [ 4 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Guiding the Orientation of Nymphal Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula

Cooperband¹,

Wickham

Warden³

2023

Insects

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A mark–release–recapture experiment was conducted to evaluate the orientation of spotted lanternfly (SLF) Lycorma delicatula White (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) nymphs when released equidistant between two trees. The experiment was repeated weekly for eight weeks in a heavily infested area with mature tree-of-heaven Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae) planted in rows as ornamental street trees in Beijing, China. One tree in each pair received a methyl salicylate lure, and the lure was rotated between trees every week as it aged. Two additional independent variables for each tree were also analyzed: size and SLF population density. Marked–released SLF significantly chose trees with higher SLF population density over trees with lower density populations, and they also chose larger trees significantly more than smaller trees. Population density and tree size were better predictors of attraction than lures, but when those factors were controlled, SLF significantly chose trees with methyl salicylate lures over control trees for the first 4 weeks of lure life. Wild SLF distribution was assessed weekly, revealing strong aggregation in first and second instars that diminished with development to the third and fourth instars. Thus, nymphal SLF aggregate, and orientation is strongly guided by the presence of other SLF and tree size.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SLF inflicts damage on plants both directly, through feeding in large numbers, and indirectly, by expelling honeydew onto surrounding plant material [ 14 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The accumulating honeydew promotes the growth of sooty mold, which inhibits photosynthesis and contaminates fruit meant for market [ 4 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Guiding the Orientation of Nymphal Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula

Cooperband¹,

Wickham

Warden³

2023

Insects

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“…We propose that body mass vs length curves could play a role similar to that of clinical growth charts, filling the current gap in metrics of SLF development. These measures could serve as a much-needed fitness benchmark [ 35 ] for interpreting data from field studies and laboratory experiments to assess the impact of factors such as date of first emergence, molt schedule, temperature, diet, and geographic location. Furthermore, the successful fits to Dyar’s rule provide a measure of the growth ratio between successive instars, which might serve as an additional metric for comparing populations grown under different circumstances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sizing up spotted lanternfly nymphs for instar determination and growth allometry

et al. 2023

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A major ongoing research effort seeks to understand the behavior, ecology and control of the spotted lanternfly (SLF) (Lycorma delicatula), a highly invasive pest in the U.S. and South Korea. These insects undergo four nymphal stages (instars) before reaching adulthood, and appear to shift host plant preferences, feeding, dispersal and survival patterns, anti-predator behaviors, and response to traps and chemical controls with each stage. However, categorizing SLF life stage is challenging for the first three instars, which have the same coloration and shape. Here we present a dataset of body mass and length for SLF nymphs throughout two growing seasons and compare our results with previously-published ranges of instar body lengths. An analysis using two clustering methods revealed that 1st-3rd instar body mass and length fell into distinct clusters consistently between years, supporting using these metrics to stage nymphs during a single growing season. The length ranges for 2nd-4th instars agreed between years in our study, but differed from those reported by earlier studies for diverse locations, indicating that it is important to obtain these metrics relevant to a study’s region for most accurate staging. We also used these data to explore the scaling of SLF instar bodies during growth. SLF nymph body mass scaled with body length varied between isometry (constant shape) and growing somewhat faster than predicted by isometry in the two years studied. Using previously published data, we also found that SLF nymph adhesive footpad area varies in direct proportion to weight, suggesting that footpad adhesion is independent of nymphal stage, while their tarsal claws display positive allometry and hence disproportionately increasing grasp (mechanical adhesion). By contrast, mouthpart dimensions are weakly correlated with body length, consistent with predictions that these features should reflect preferred host plant characteristics rather than body size. We recommend future studies use the body mass vs length growth curve as a fitness benchmark to study how SLF instar development depends on factors such as hatch date, host plant, temperature, and geographic location, to further understanding of life history patterns that help prevent further spread of this invasive insect.

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“…The spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), SLF) is an invasive insect in the early stages of its invasion that is spreading across the northeastern United States and has the potential to cause billions of dollars in damage to the wine, timber, and ornamental plant industries due to its phloem-feeding diet (1)(2)(3). At the beginning of invasions, population dynamics data is critical for informing management (4) and gaining knowledge on SLF behavior, dispersal capabilities, and demography is one of the central pillars for managing the invasion (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spotted! Computer-aided individual photo-identification allows for mark-recapture of invasive spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula)

Bélouard

Behm²

2023

Front. Insect Sci.

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The spotted lanternfly is an invasive pest for which we lack individual movement data due in part to the difficulty posed by individual identification. We developed a computer‐aided method to identify individual adult spotted lanternfly using wing spot patterns from photos processed in the software I3S and demonstrated the method’s accuracy with lab and field validations. Based on 176 individuals in the lab, we showed that digitizing the spots of one wing allowed a 100% reliable individual identification. The errors due to user input and the variation in the angle of the image were largely negligible compared to inter-individual variations. We applied this method in the context of a mark-recapture experiment to assess the feasibility of this method in the field. We initially identified a total of 84 unique spotted lanternflies, 31 of which were recaptured after four hours along with 49 new individuals. We established that the analysis of recaptures can possibly be automated based on scores and may not require systematic visual pairwise comparison. The demonstration of the effectiveness of this method on relatively small sample sizes makes it a promising tool for field experimentation as well as lab manipulations. Once validated on larger datasets and in different contexts, it will provide ample opportunity to collect useful data on spotted lanternfly ecology that can greatly inform management.

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Biology and Management of the Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), in the United States

Cited by 37 publications

References 54 publications

Factors Guiding the Orientation of Nymphal Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula

Factors Guiding the Orientation of Nymphal Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula

Sizing up spotted lanternfly nymphs for instar determination and growth allometry

Spotted! Computer-aided individual photo-identification allows for mark-recapture of invasive spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula)

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