Biological Weed Control

Uludağ, Ahmet; Üremiş, İlhan; Arslan, Mehmet

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809881-3.00007-3

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…According to Weed Science Society of America [72], the biological control of weeds is defined as "the use of an agent, a complex of agents, or biological processes to bring about weed suppression"; some examples of agents used are arthropods (insects and mites), plant pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes), fish, birds, and other animals. Some advantages in using biological methods compared to other methods are related to the decreased risk of soil, water, and food contamination by herbicide residues, bringing healthier and sustainable cropping systems, besides being low cost and self-sufficient [73].…”

Section: Biological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Species in the Amazon

Costa¹,

Lima²,

Sousa³

et al. 2019

Diversity and Ecology of Invasive Plants

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One of the main reasons for environmental disturbances such as declination in pasture productivity and biodiversity losses is the high infestation of herbaceous weeds, generally referred to as "Juquira" in the Amazon region. If they are not adequately controlled, such infestation might lead to degradation of pasture, resulting in complete loss of productivity and subsequent abandonment of the area. In this sense, this chapter aims to describe the main invasive species present in the Amazon region, as well as to characterize both the old and innovative techniques of use in agriculture, in large and small scale, for the control of agricultural pests.

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Section: Biological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Species in the Amazon

Costa¹,

Lima²,

Sousa³

et al. 2019

Diversity and Ecology of Invasive Plants

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“…There have been bioherbicide efforts related to phytotoxic allelochemicals (e.g., strigolactones, plant extracts) and plant pathogens (e.g., Fusarium oxysporum ). Yet, there are fewer than two dozen registered bioherbicides in the world and most have not seen success commercially 1,19,20 …”

Section: Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

The Toothpick Project: commercialization of a virulence‐selected fungal bioherbicide for Striga hermonthica (witchweed) biocontrol in Kenya

Baker,

Sands,

Nzioki

2023

Pest Management Science

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The high‐level view of global food systems identifies three all‐encompassing barriers to the adoption of food systems solutions: knowledge, policy, and finance. These barriers, and the siloed characteristics of each of these, have hindered the development and adoption of microbial herbicides. How knowledge, policy, and finance are related to the Toothpick Project's path of commercializing a new bioherbicide, early in the scope of the industry, is discussed here. The Toothpick Project's innovation, developed over four decades and commercialized in 2021, uses strains of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. strigae selected for overproduction and excretion of specific amino acids, killing the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Striga or witchweed), Africa's worst pest threat to food security. Historically, bioherbicides have not been a sufficient alternative to the dominant use of synthetic chemical herbicides. To be used safely as bioherbicides, plant pathogens need to be host specific, non‐toxic, and yet sufficiently virulent to control a specific weed. For commercialization, bioherbicides must be affordable and require a sufficient shelf life for distribution. Given the current triple storm encountered by the chemical herbicide industry (herbicide‐resistant weeds, lawsuits, and consumer pushback), there exists an opportunity to use certain plant pathogens as bioherbicides by enhancing their virulence. By discussing barriers in the scope of knowledge, policy, and finance in the development of the Toothpick Project's new microbial bioherbicide, we hope to help others to anticipate the challenges and provide change‐leaders, particularly in policy and finance, a ground level perspective of bioherbicide development.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…Regardless of the intentions, which may range from convenience to opportunism, the term 'biological control' has traditionally been used to describe actions to combat pests using other living agents (Cook & Baker, 1983;Stenberg et al, 2021). For example, the Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) defined the weed biological control method as 'the use of an agent, a complex of agents, or biological processes to bring about weed suppression' (Uludag et al, 2018). The ultimate advantage of biological control in terms of cost-effectiveness, safety, and benefits for the environment would be evident upon the establishment and reproduction of the released organisms (Teka, 2014).…”

Section: Biological Control Of Parasitic Weedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the intimate relationship between the parasitic weed and its host hinders the application of chemical herbicides as they cannot all selectively distinguish between different species. On the other hand, the high specificity of some fungi, bacteria, and arthropods that feed exclusively on selected parasitic weeds leads to increased attention on exploiting these organisms as biocontrol agents, where other weed control options have failed (Teka, 2014;Uludag et al, 2018).…”

Section: Biological Control Of Parasitic Weedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Control Strategies of Purple Witchweed, Striga hermonthica: A Review

Osman¹,

Hamdani²,

Oslan³

et al. 2023

JTAS

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The genus of Striga spp., particularly Striga hermonthica, is an obligate root-hemiparasitic weed. Striga affects 25 African countries annually and is considered a major biotic threat to food security. This obnoxious weed species has been managed using various control strategies. However, the strategies have not been highly effective due to the complexity of the Striga life cycle and special interactions with its host. Biological control, considered a safer and ‘greener’ alternative, has drawn attention due to numerous reports on the potential of biological agents, including insects and microorganisms, to control Striga. Although researchers agree on the importance of the biocontrol approach as one of the alternative eco-friendly methods to manage Striga spp., the decreasing effectiveness of some biocontrol agents when introduced into new environments, in addition to requirements before and during the application, restricts the application of biological control on a large scale until today. This review focuses on the current knowledge of control strategies to manage Striga, emphasizing the biological control method. The challenges that limit the application of biological control to manage Striga on a broader scale are also highlighted.

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Biological Weed Control

Cited by 16 publications

References 79 publications

Invasive Species in the Amazon

Invasive Species in the Amazon

The Toothpick Project: commercialization of a virulence‐selected fungal bioherbicide for Striga hermonthica (witchweed) biocontrol in Kenya

Biological Control Strategies of Purple Witchweed, Striga hermonthica: A Review

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