Biological specific recognition of glycopolymer- modified interfaces by RAFT living radical polymerization

Abstract

Glycopolymers with a-galactose (a-Gal) and a-mannose (a-Man) were synthesized by means of living radical polymerization with a reversible addition-fragment chain transfer reagent, and the thin-layer formation of glycopolymers was investigated in terms of protein recognition abilities. Thiol-terminated glycopolymers formed a thin layer of about 2.5 nm in thickness on a gold substrate, and the glycopolymer thin layer showed specific interaction with sugar recognition proteins (lectins and Shiga toxins (Stxs)). The interactions were highly specific, and the signal-to-noise ratio of protein recognition was greater than 16. Glycopolymer-substituted gold nanoparticles (GNPs) also showed biorecognition abilities and protein-specific aggregation. The protein recognition abilities of the GNPs were also analyzed. The glycopolymer-substituted GNPs were utilized for signal amplification of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to detect protein-saccharide recognition. The glycopolymer with a-Gal showed a strong interaction with Stxs according to SPR measurements, suggesting a possible application of a-Gal-substituted GNPs in Stx-1 biosensing.

Elucidation of GlcNAc‐binding properties of type III intermediate filament proteins, using GlcNAc‐bearing polymers

“…S7 in Supporting Information (Toyoshima & Miura 2009;Toyoshima et al 2010). S7 in Supporting Information (Toyoshima & Miura 2009;Toyoshima et al 2010).…”

Synthesis of Polyvinyltetrazole Resin by Combination of RAFT Polymerization and Click Chemistry for Adsorption of Hg(II)

“…Compared with traditional radical polymerization, CRP can not only avoid the drawbacks of low control over the polymer process but also form polymer with narrow molecular distributions and high degrees of chain end functionalization. To date, the common controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) methods include initiator-transfer agent terminator, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), nitroxidemediated radical polymerization (NMR) (15)(16)(17)(18), reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) single-electron transfer living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) (26)(27)(28). Grayson demonstrated a strategy to prepare cyclic poly (methylacrylate)-block-poly(styrene) via the combination of ATRP and Click Chemistry (29).…”

Synthesis of Glycopolymer Architectures by Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization

“…In a separate study [164], the same chemistry was applied to the synthesis of gold substrates covered with a glycopolymer thin layer (~2.5 nm) of poly(M76-stat-AM) and poly(M77b-stat-AM) which were then used for SPR experiments (Entry 156, Table 3): A specific interaction with lectins (ConA and PNA) and Shiga toxins was observed. Furthermore, glycopolymer-substituted GNPs were shown to amplify the SPR signal observed during the detection of lectins.…”

“…Miura et al [164,175] synthesized sugar-decorated gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and gold substrates from thiol-terminated glycopolymers obtained by RAFT. Hence, acrylamide derivatives of α-D-mannoside M76 and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-glucoside M77 were both homopolymerized and copolymerized with acrylamide (M75) in the presence of dithiobenzoate R18 (DMSO/H 2 O, 60 °C; Entry 182-183, 187, Table 3) [175].…”