Biological Rhythms and Medicine

Reinberg, A; Smolensky, Michael H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9496-9

Cited by 151 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 175 publications

(316 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A similar chronopharmacological property has also been reported for trichlormethiazide (13). Finally, renal and hormonal functions involved in the regulation of water and electrolyte homeostasis exhibit circadian changes (14,15), and consequently influence the renal effects of nitrendipine.…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

Diurnal Variation in the Diuretic Effects of Nitrendipine in Saline Loaded Rats.

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have previously reported that the responsiveness of blood pressure to nitrendipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, varies with its time of adminis tration. The present study was undertaken to examine whether the diuretic effects of the agent also show diurnal variation. There is increasing evidence demonstrating time-dependent changes in the effectiveness of cardiovascular agents (1). We already examined the chronopharmacological profiles of nitrendipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist. This study demonstrated that the responsiveness of blood pressure to the agent varies with its administration time (2).Nitrendipine is frequently used in the treat ment of hypertension and the related car diovascular diseases. Unlike other vasodilators such as hydralazine, prazosin and minoxidil, calcium antagonists are not associated with water and sodium retention, but cause a mild diuresis and natriuresis following, at least, the first dosage (3, 4). This pharmacological prop erty of calcium antagonists may be involved in the mechanism responsible for their anti hypertensive action. Therefore, it is interesting to examine whether the diuretic effects of nit rendipine also show diurnal variations.In the present study, nitrendipine was given orally at 12 a.m. or 12 p.m. to rats. The diure tic effects following the agent at 12 a.m. were compared to those when it was given at 12 p.m.Male Wistar rats (Charles River Laboratory, Kanagawa, Japan) (10-11 weeks old, 300 350 g) were maintained for more than 2 weeks under conditions of light from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. and dark from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. with free access to food and water.Since a diuretic effect following a high dose of a calcium antagonist might be masked by a concomitant reduction in blood pressure (5), the first experiment was performed to deter mine the optimal dosage of nitrendipine for the subsequent study. Rats were randomly divided into two groups. The first group of rats (group I, n = 16) received nitrendipine at 12 a.m., while the second group of animals (group II, n = 16) received the agent at 12 p.m. Three percent body weight (b.w.) of 1% NaCI solution was given orally to each group of rats on day 1. Nitrendipine (Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan) (0.5, 2.0 and 10.0 mg/kg in 3% b.w. of 1 % NaCl) was given orally to each group of

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 72%

Diurnal Variation in the Diuretic Effects of Nitrendipine in Saline Loaded Rats.

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…31 Pathophysiological events within the cardiovascular system do not occur at random either. [32][33][34][35][36] Thus, the onset of nonfatal or fatal myocardial infarction predominates around 6 am to 12 pm. A similar circadian time pattern has been shown for sudden cardiac death, stroke, ventricular arrhythmias, arterial embolism, and fatal pulmonary embolism.…”

Section: Rhythms In Symptoms and Onset Of Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decade, numerous studies in animals as well as clinical studies have provided convincing evidence that pharmacokinetics 33,[52][53][54][55][56] and/or the drugs' effects/side effects can be modified by the circadian time and/or the timing of drug application within 24 hours of a day. 32,33,[57][58][59] As shown in Table 1, all functions involved in the pharmacokinetic steps -from drug absorption to drug elimination -can be circadian phase-dependent.…”

Section: Chronopharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The importance of biological rhythms in drug treatment of hypertension and sex-dependent modifications

Lemmer

2012

CPT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The cardiovascular system is highly organized in time. Blood pressure, heart rate, peripheral resistance, pressure, and vasodilating hormones display pronounced circadian variations. New data presented here demonstrate also sex-dependent differences in vasodilating hormones, with higher NO χ excretion in females than males and a steeper early morning rise in norepinephrine in males, whereas the 24-hour blood pressure and heart-rate profiles were not different. Various antihypertensive drugs were investigated in crossover studies -morning versus evening dosing -in hypertensive patients; however, consistent data were only described for angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin II type 1 (AT 1 ) receptor blockers. Whereas in dippers ACE inhibitors had a superdipping effect when dosed at night, no difference in the blood pressure lowering effect or on the 24-hour blood pressure profile was found with calcium channel blockers after morning and evening dosing. In nondippers, the calcium channel blockers isradipine and amlodipine transformed nondippers into dippers, similar after evening dosing. The effects of AT 1 -receptor blockers are similar to those of ACE inhibitors. Also, diuretics are able to normalize non dipping behavior. Moreover, a circadian phase dependency in their pharmacokinetics has been demonstrated for various cardiovascular-active drugs, such as beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, oral nitrates, and ACE inhibitors, modified by the galenic formulation. There is evidence that in hypertensive dippers, antihypertensive drugs should be given during early morning hours, whereas in non dippers it can be necessary to add an evening dose or even to apply a single evening dose in order not only to reduce high blood pressure, but also to normalize a disturbed non dipping 24-hour blood pressure profile.

show abstract

“…This annual chronobiology permits organisms to successfully anticipate rhythmic environmental change and resonate with the seasons. Circannual rhythms powerfully affect biological function including susceptibility to infectious, metabolic, inflammatory, and malignant diseases (1,2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Season, Sun, Sex, and Cervical Cancer

Hrushesky

Sothern

Rietveld

et al. 2005

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Sunlight's UV B component, a known cellular immunosupressant, carcinogen, and activator of viral infections, is generally seasonally available. Venereal human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission, at least in part, causes cervical cancer. We have previously inspected the monthly rates of venereal HPV infection and sunlight fluency in Southern Holland over 16 consecutive years. Both peak in August with at least 2-fold seasonality. The amount of available sunlight and the rate of Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screen -detected HPV are positively correlated. We now investigate whether premalignant and malignant cervical epithelial changes are also seasonal and related to seasonal sunlight fluency. Methods: We have studied >900,000 consecutive, serially independent, interpretable screening Pap smears obtained by a single cervical cancer screening laboratory in Leiden, Holland, during a continuous 16-year span from 1983 through 1998. The average monthly rates of premalignant and malignant epithelial change were inspected and the annual patterns contrasted to the annual pattern of sunlight fluency at this global location and to monthly average HPV infection rate. Because HPV is venereally transmitted, Dutch seasonal sexual behavior was evaluated by assessment of the

show abstract

Biological Rhythms and Medicine

Cited by 151 publications

References 175 publications

Diurnal Variation in the Diuretic Effects of Nitrendipine in Saline Loaded Rats.

Diurnal Variation in the Diuretic Effects of Nitrendipine in Saline Loaded Rats.

The importance of biological rhythms in drug treatment of hypertension and sex-dependent modifications

Season, Sun, Sex, and Cervical Cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About