Biological Responses to the Transitional Area of Dental Implants: Material- and Structure-Dependent Responses of Peri-Implant Tissue to Abutments

Abstract

The stability of peri-implant tissue is essential for the long-term success of dental implants. Although various types of implant connections are used, little is known about the effects of the physical mechanisms of dental implants on the stability of peri-implant tissue. This review summarizes the relevant literature to establish guidelines regarding the effects of connection type between abutments and implants in soft and hard tissues. Soft tissue seals can affect soft tissue around implants. In external connections, micromobility between the abutment and the hex component of the implant, resulting from machining tolerance, can destroy the soft tissue seal, potentially leading to microbial invasion. Internal friction connection implants induce strain on the surrounding bone via implant wall expansion that translates into masticatory force. This strain is advantageous because it increases the amount and quality of peri-implant bone. The comparison of internal and external connections, the two most commonly used connection types, reveals that internal friction has a positive influence on both soft and hard tissues.

Dental Implants with Different Neck Design: A Prospective Clinical Comparative Study with 2-Year Follow-Up

“…As stated by Kim et al [50], transmission of the occlusal load from the restoration to the implant, and then from the implant to the surrounding bone, is essential to stimulate osteoblasts activity. This is to say, to avoid minimum but regular and continuous bone resorption, described to be around 1 mm for the first year and of 0.2 mm per year thereafter [51], bone deposition must be encouraged.…”

Influence of load on modeling and remodeling of bone tissue in experimental perimplantitis

“…Бранемарком остеоинтегративных свойств титана ознаменовало собой начало эпохи дентальной имплантации: в настоящее время протезирование на дентальных имплантатах стало общедоступной и рутинной врачебной манипуляцией [1,2]. Но несмотря на 40-летнюю историю дентальной имплантологии, цифровизацию и совершенствование технологии изготовления дентальных имплантатов, остаются открытыми вопросы приживаемости имплантатов в кости челюсти в процессе их эксплуатации под влиянием жевательных нагрузок, плохой гигиены полости рта, воспалений [3][4][5].…”

“…2. Микрофотографии фрагментов челюстной кости, удаленной из периимплантной зоны у экспериментального животного основной и контрольной групп через 1 (1,2,3,4,9,10), 3 (5,6,11,12) и 6 (7, 8) месяцев после операции во фронтальном отделе челюсти (для исследования ИРРК при жевательных нагрузках) -1-8 и в боковом беззубом отделе челюсти (для исследования ИРРК в статике) -9-12: 1 -основная группа, скопление клеток мезенхимального происхождения (1). Окраска по Маллори.…”

Ceramic Materials and Technologies Applied to Digital Works in Implant-Supported Restorative Dentistry

“…Polished LS2 ceramics exhibited improved adhesion and proliferation, compared to glazed LS2 ceramics [141]. The abrasion provides microrough surfaces with a strong wettability, allowing the strong adhesion of epithelial and connective tissues, which is advantageous in the soft tissue seal [142]. By contrast, applying the glazing technique to the same material will provide a smooth surface with strong hydrophobicity, which gives the material restricted adhesion properties, and this is appropriate for a dental surface designed to prevent biofilm formation in the septic environment of the mouth [143].…”