Biological responses of two soybean cultivars exposed to enhanced UVB radiation

D'Surney, S.J.; Tschaplinski, Timothy J.; Edwards, Nelson T.; Shugart, Lee R.

doi:10.1016/0098-8472(93)90036-f

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Ancillary data can help ameliorate this situation by defining other cellular mechanisms associated with or linked to the genotoxic response. For example, the difference noted in the amount of UVB-type damage to the DNA of two soybean cultivars could be explained to some extent by the increase in UV-absorbing compounds in one cultivar but not the other (19). Nevertheless, none of these observations explains the effect of UVB exposure on biomass in these plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…UVB radiation, to allow investigation of :an be used not only to the effects of this type of radiation on environmental contam-plants and other biota in the environment. n this case), but also to Preliminary results (19) using this expolanisms that respond to sure system over a 2-month period with ich in turn may lead to two cultivars of soybean exposed to eleing of the consequences vated UVB (32% above ambient) are sumire. During this labora-marized in Table 2.…”

Section: Dna Strand Breaks In Turtles and Sunfishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No change Slight increase Plants were exposed for 2 months with the exposure and monitoring system (18) set to deliver 32% above ambient UVB radiation and to simulate daily and seasonal changes in solar irradiance with adjustment for cloud/canopy Ir~~~~~~~I 0 U addition, it was observed that total DNA damage (strand breaks and pyrimidine dimers) was 4.6 times greater in the sensitive cultivar vs the resistant one (19).…”

Section: Dna Strand Breaks In Turtles and Sunfishmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental genotoxicity: probing the underlying mechanisms.

Shugart

Theodorakis

1994

Environ Health Perspect

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Environmental pollution is a complex issue because of the diversity of anthropogenic agents, both chemical and physical, that have been detected and catalogued. The consequences to biota from exposure to genotoxic agents present an additional problem because of the potential for these agents to produce adverse change at the cellular and organismal levels. Past studies in genetic toxicology at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory have focused on structural damage to the DNA of environmental species that may occur after exposure to genotoxic agents and the use of this information to document exposure and to monitor remediation. In an effort to predict effects at the population, community, and ecosystem levels, current studies in genetic ecotoxicology are attempting to characterize the biologic mechanisms at the gene level that regulate and limit the response of an individual organism to genotoxic factors in their environment. -Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 12):13-17 (1994)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Dna Strand Breaks In Turtles and Sunfishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dna Strand Breaks In Turtles and Sunfishmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental genotoxicity: probing the underlying mechanisms.

Shugart

Theodorakis

1994

Environ Health Perspect

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Section: Norin 1 Photolyase-cpd Complexes Show Decreased Thermostabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UV radiation hypersensitivity in higher plants is not necessarily associated with deficiencies in photolyases, however; uvh1 mutants of Arabidopsis have normal photorepair and are sensitive to other damaging agents as well (Harlow et al, 1994). Furthermore, some UV radiation-sensitive soybean cultivars may lack UV radiation protective pigments (D'Surney et al, 1993).Many cultivars of a wide variety of plant species, including economically important crop plants, have been shown to have higher UV radiation sensitivity than do related cultivars (Teramura, 1983;Bornman and Teramura, 1993). Furthermore, UV radiation exclusion studies indicate that the UV component of sunlight may decrease growth and productivity in some crop plants (Krizek et al, 1997(Krizek et al, , 1998.…”

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confidence: 99%

UV Radiation–Sensitive Norin 1 Rice Contains Defective Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer Photolyase

2000

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Norin 1, a progenitor of many economically important Japanese rice strains, is highly sensitive to the damaging effects of UVB radiation (wavelengths 290 to 320 nm). Norin 1 seedlings are deficient in photorepair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. However, the molecular origin of this deficiency was not known and, because rice photolyase genes have not been cloned and sequenced, could not be determined by examining photolyase structural genes or upstream regulatory elements for mutations. We therefore used a photoflash approach, which showed that the deficiency in photorepair in vivo resulted from a functionally altered photolyase. These results were confirmed by studies with extracts, which showed that the Norin 1 photolyase-dimer complex was highly thermolabile relative to the wild-type Sasanishiki photolyase. This deficiency results from a structure/function alteration of photolyase rather than of nonspecific repair, photolytic, or regulatory elements. Thus, the molecular origin of this plant DNA repair deficiency, resulting from a spontaneously occurring mutation to UV radiation sensitivity, is defective photolyase. INTRODUCTIONUV radiation can damage plants, decreasing growth and productivity (Teramura, 1983). UV radiation-augmentation studies have identified many UV radiation-sensitive cultivars of higher plants that are of economic importance, including rice (Kumagai and Sato, 1992;Bornman and Teramura, 1993;Hidema et al., 1996;Correia et al., 1998), and UV radiationexclusion studies indicate that prevention of such damage can increase plant growth (Krizek et al., 1997(Krizek et al., , 1998. UV radiation also induces photodamage in DNA, including damage to the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) and the (6-4)-pyrimidine-pyrimidone photodimer. Such damage can be lethal or mutagenic to simple and complex organisms; it can also impede replication and transcription, a possible mechanism for the adverse effects observed in higher plants.Photoreactivation is the major pathway in plants for repairing UV radiation-induced DNA damage (reviewed in Britt, 1996Britt, , 1999. This one-enzyme repair path is mediated by an enzyme, photolyase, which binds to a dimer to form a complex that is stable in the absence of light. When a photon in the wavelength range of 300 to 600 nm is absorbed (Saito and Werbin, 1969;Pang and Hays, 1991;Takeuchi et al., 1998), the dimer is reversed to two monomer pyrimidines and the enzyme is released. Photorepair of CPDs has been reported in several plant species, including gingko (Trosko and Mansour, 1969), Arabidopsis (Pang and Hays, 1991;Britt et al., 1993), alfalfa (Quaite et al., 1994b), soybean (Sutherland et al., 1996), cucumber (Takeuchi et al., 1996), rice (Hidema et al., 1997), maize (Stapleton and Walbot, 1994;, and wheat (Taylor, 1996).Increased sensitivity to UV radiation may result from failure to repair photodamage in DNA. The UV radiation-sensitive uvr1 mutant of Arabidopsis cannot photorepair (6-4)-pyrimidine-pyrimidone photodimers (Britt et al., 1993). Landry et al. (1997) s...

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Effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis and growth of terrestrial plants

1994

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The photosynthetic apparatus of some plant species appears to be well-protected from direct damage from UV-B radiation. Leaf optical properties of these species apparently minimizes exposure of sensitive targets to UV-B radiation. However, damage by UV-B radiation to Photosystem II and Rubisco has also been reported. Secondary effects of this damage may include reductions in photosynthetic capacity, RuBP regeneration and quantum yield. Furthermore, UV-B radiation may decrease the penetration of PAR, reduce photosynthetic and accessory pigments, impair stomatal function and alter canopy morphology, and thus indirectly retard photosynthetic carbon assimilation. Subsequently, UV-B radiation may limit productivity in many plant species. In addition to variability in sensitivity to UV-B radiation, the effects of UV-B radiation are further confounded by other environmental factors such as CO2, temperature, light and water or nutrient availability. Therefore, we need a better understanding of the mechanisms of tolerance to UV-B radiation and of the interaction between UV-B and other environmental factors in order to adequately assess the probable consequences of a change in solar radiation.

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Biological responses of two soybean cultivars exposed to enhanced UVB radiation

Cited by 39 publications

References 11 publications

Environmental genotoxicity: probing the underlying mechanisms.

Environmental genotoxicity: probing the underlying mechanisms.

UV Radiation–Sensitive Norin 1 Rice Contains Defective Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer Photolyase

Effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis and growth of terrestrial plants

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