Biological Properties of Curcumin-Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Action

Joe, Bina; Vijaykumar, M.H.; Lokesh, Belur R.

doi:10.1080/10408690490424702

Cited by 691 publications

(493 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…The food additive curcumin is a natural product and its safety was supported by the nontoxic consumption of up to 110 mg/day in humans and up to 5 g/day in rats (Commandeur & Vermeulen, 1996). Curcumin has many biological effects, including antiinflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antiviral and anti-infectious activity (Joe et al, 2004). It protects against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in renal epithelial cells (Cohly et al, 1998) and inhibits the production of superoxide radicals, H 2 O 2 and NO by macrophages (Joe & Lokesh, 1994;van Meeteren et al, 2004) and astrocytes (Soliman & Mazzio, 1998).…”

Section: Thiol-based Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis

Meeteren¹,

Teunissen

Dijkstra

et al. 2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Section: Thiol-based Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis

Meeteren¹,

Teunissen

Dijkstra

et al. 2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Curcumin, the key component of curry spice, is a phenolic compound isolated from the roots of Curcuma longa (Joe et al, 2004). Dietary supplementation with curcumin protected rats against synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficits in a model of traumatic brain injury (Wu et al, 2006).…”

Section: Subtoxic Doses Of Phytochemicals Can Protect Neurons Againstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viewpoint: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential of Neurohormetic Phytochemicals

Mattson¹,

Son²,

Camandola³

2007

Dose-Response

127

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ᮀ The nervous system is of fundamental importance in the adaptive (hormesis) responses of organisms to all types of stress, including environmental "toxins". Phytochemicals present in vegetables and fruits are believed to reduce the risk of several major diseases including cardiovascular disease, cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Although antioxidant properties have been suggested as the basis of health benefits of phytochemicals, emerging findings suggest a quite different mechanism of action. Many phytochemicals normally function as toxins that protect the plants against insects and other damaging organisms. However, at the relatively low doses consumed by humans and other mammals these same "toxic" phytochemicals activate adaptive cellular stress response pathways that can protect the cells against a variety of adverse conditions. Recent findings have elucidated hormetic mechanisms of action of phytochemicals (e.g., resveratrol, curcumin, sulforaphanes and catechins) using cell culture and animal models of neurological disorders. Examples of hormesis pathways activated by phytochemicals include the transcription factor Nrf-2 which activates genes controlled by the antioxidant response element, and histone deacetylases of the sirtuin family and FOXO transcription factors. Such hormetic pathways stimulate the production of antioxidant enzymes, protein chaperones and neurotrophic factors. In several cases neurohormetic phytochemicals have been shown to suppress the disease process in animal models relevant to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and can also improve outcome following a stroke. We are currently screening a panel of biopesticides in order to establish hormetic doses, neuroprotective efficacy, mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential as dietary supplements.

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“…Consumption of turmeric has been associated with various beneficial effects on human health (Duvoix et al, 2005). Turmeric has also been used as a traditional remedy for the treatment of inflammation and other diseases (Joe et al, 2004). The major components of turmeric are the curcuminoids that include curcumin, demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bis-demethoxycurcumin (BDMC) (Chainani-Wu, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of curcuminoids on endothelial heme oxygenase-1 expression: ortho-methoxy groups are essential to enhance heme oxygenase activity and protection

Jeong

Oh²,

Pae³

et al. 2006

Exp Mol Med

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Recently, it has been reported that curcumin, which is known as a potent antioxidant, acts as a nonstressful and non-cytotoxic inducer of the cytoprotective heme oxygenase (HO)-1. In this study, naturally occurring curcuminoids, such as pure curcumin, demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bis-demethoxycurcumin (BDMC), were compared for their potential ability to modulate HO-1 expression and cytoprotective activity in human endothelial cells. All three curcuminoids could induce HO-1 expression and HO activity with differential levels. The rank order of HO activity was curcumin, DMC and BDMC. In comparison with endothelial protection against H2O2-induced cellular injury, cytoprotective capacity was found to be highest with curcumin, followed by DMC and BDMC. Interestingly, cytoprotective effects afforded by curcuminoids were considerably associated with their abilities to enhance HO activity. Considering that the main difference among the three curcuminoids is the number of methoxy groups (none for BDMC, one for DMC, and two for curcumin), the presence of methoxy groups in the ortho position on the aromatic ring was suggested to be essential to enhance HO-1 expression and cytoprotection in human endothelial cells. Our results may be useful in designing more efficacious HO-1 inducers which could be considered as promising pharmacological agents in the development of therapeutic approaches for the prevention or treatment of endothelial diseases caused by oxidative damages.

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Biological Properties of Curcumin-Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Action

Cited by 691 publications

References 125 publications

Antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis

Antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis

Viewpoint: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential of Neurohormetic Phytochemicals

Comparative effects of curcuminoids on endothelial heme oxygenase-1 expression: ortho-methoxy groups are essential to enhance heme oxygenase activity and protection

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