Biological properties of acid etched titanium implants: Effect of sandblasting on bone anchorage

Abstract

The SLA (sandblasted with large grit and acid etched) surface is a textured surface that has been documented to lead to a rapid and strong implant fixation. The purpose of the present study was to determine the contribution of sandblasting in addition to etching to implant anchorage. It was also aimed to determine if the pits carved during etching alone have a bone-interlocking capacity that leads to microanchorage between the implant and bone. SLA implants and machined-and-acid-etched (MA) implants were placed in the maxilla of Land Race pigs. After 10 weeks of healing, they were reverse torqued. The reverse torque of the SLA and MA implants was 157.29 +/- 38.04 N cm and 105.33 +/- 25.12 N cm, respectively. Sandblasting increased bone anchorage by 49.3%; the difference was statistically significant (p =.028). Bone was found attached to both surfaces; bone ingrowth was found in the pits of both surfaces. It is suggested that the two surfaces are able to generate bone interlocking and mechanical coupling at the interface. When finite-element modeling is performed with these surfaces, it is suggested that the bound mode be used instead of the slip mode.

The Impact of Different Acids Etch on Sandblasted Titanium Dental Implant Surfaces Topography

“…In a study by Lincks and coworker 9 they roughened the titanium surface with blasting and acid etching, and reported that such a procedure increased the surface roughness and enhanced cell attachment and differentiation. Later on Szmukler-Moncler et al, 7 also reported a higher bone anchorage measured for the blasting and acid etching surface over the machined and just acid etched surfaces.…”

“…This retention of alumina may lead to the release some of these particles into the surrounding tissues and interfere with the osseointegration of the implants. 7,5 The benefit of blasting before acid etching has been questioned as it had been suggested that one of the advantages of acid etching in addition to increasing the surface roughness after grit-blasting was to clean and remove residual particles from the implant surface. In a study by Lincks and coworker 9 they roughened the titanium surface with blasting and acid etching, and reported that such a procedure increased the surface roughness and enhanced cell attachment and differentiation.…”

Organic–Inorganic Surface Modifications for Titanium Implant Surfaces

“…Traditionally, these approaches focused on the modification of the implant surface topography and morphology (17,18). These surface modifications mainly included mechanical methods such as machining (19,20), grinding, polishing (21) and blasting (22,23), and chemical methods such as acid etching (24,25), alkali etching (26,27) and anodization (28,29) to alter the topography of the titanium surface. Another approach towards the creation of a biologically active implant surface involves the application of an additional coating onto the titanium surface by means of physicochemical and biochemical deposition techniques (30,31).…”

The Effect of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 on the Osseointegration of Temporary Anchorage Devices

“…Taking it a step further, not only is the implant material important, but the implant surface itself is also a critical factor in promoting osseointegration [9,10,11,12]. For example, titanium surfaces with microscale roughness have been shown to enhance osseous apposition by increasing the total surface area available for bone formation.…”

“…For example, titanium surfaces with microscale roughness have been shown to enhance osseous apposition by increasing the total surface area available for bone formation. In particular, a combination of sandblasting and acid-etching techniques has been effective in producing these microrough titanium surfaces [10,11]. Implants with sandblasted and acid-etched surfaces have increased osteoblastic attachment and differentiation, which in turn, have strengthened bone implant contact and enhanced removal torque values in biomechanical testing.…”