Biological monitoring of styrene metabolites in blood.

Löf, Agneta; Lundgren, Ewa; Em, Nydahl; Mb, Nordqvist

doi:10.5271/sjweh.2172

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Since SO levels in blood are very low in humans, SG in blood has been suggested by LoÈ f et al [24] as a biomarker to re¯ect the levels of SO. In analogy, one could speculate whether the R/S ratio of SG in the blood reects the enantiomeric ratio of SO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereochemical metabolism of styrene in volunteers

Wenker

Kežić

Monster

et al. 2001

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Stereochemical metabolism of styrene in volunteersWenker, M.A.M.; Kezic, S.; Monster, A.C.; de Wolff, F.A. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Abstract Objectives: To study the stereochemistry of styrene metabolism in volunteers, and its interindividual variability. Methods: Twenty healthy male volunteers (aged 18±37 years) were exposed to 360 mg/m 3 styrene for 1 h while they performed 50 W physical exercise. Venous blood was drawn during and for up to 2 h after exposure. Urine was collected at time-intervals up to 24 h after exposure. The following parameters were determined: styrene, free and conjugated styrene glycol (SG) in blood, and conjugated SG, mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) in urine. Results: Average pulmonary retention of styrene was 62%. Excretion of the acidic metabolites MA and PGA accounted for 58% of the pulmonary uptake. The average maximum concentration (C max ) and area under the curve (AUC) of free (R)-SG in blood were 1.3 and 1.7 times higher than those of (S)-SG respectively; the half-life of (R)-SG was longer (82 vs 62 min, P < 0.005). C max and AUC of the conjugated SG enantiomers in blood did not di er, but again half-life for (R)-SG was longer (72 vs 64 min, P < 0.05). Cumulative excretion and renal clearance of conjugated (S)-SG in urine were three and four times higher, respectively, than that of (R)-SG. Cumulative excretion of (S)-MA was 1.6 times higher than (R)-MA. Interindividual di erences in the kinetic parameters of the metabolites were two-to threefold. Conclusions: The enantiomeric excess found was di erent for each metabolite under study, implying di erent enantioselectivity and/or enantiospeci®city of the enzymes and carrier-proteins involved in the biotransformation and excretion. The use of these metabolites as biological indicators for prediction of the enantiomeric excess of the toxic metabolite styrene-7,8-oxide (SO) is therefore not justi®ed. Interindividual di erences in the stereochemical metabolism of styrene are moderate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereochemical metabolism of styrene in volunteers

Wenker

Kežić

Monster

et al. 2001

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Styrol [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 1987]

2012

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Veröffentlicht in der Reihe Gesundheitsschädliche Arbeitsstoffe , 13. Lieferung, Ausgabe 1987 Der Artikel enthält folgende Kapitel: Allgemeiner Wirkungscharakter Pharmakokinetik Aufnahme Verteilung Biotransformation Ausscheidung Erfahrungen beim Menschen Beobachtungen unter experimentellen Expositionsbedingungen Beobachtungen unter Arbeitsplatzbedingungen Zur Frage der mutagenen, kanzerogenen und teratogenen Wirkung beim Menschen Untersuchungen zur Mutagenität Epidemiologische Untersuchungen Mutagenitätsbefunde Tierexperimentelle Toxizitätsuntersuchungen Inhalationstoxizität Orale Toxizität Dermale Toxizität und Toxizität nach Injektion Untersuchungen auf krebserzeugende Wirkung Reproduktions‐ und Teratogenitätsstudien Bildung von Styrol‐7,8‐oxid, Styrolglykol und Addukten mit Makromolekülen Begründung des MAK‐Wertes

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Biological exposure limits estimated from relations between occupational styrene exposure during a workweek and excretion of mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acids in urine

Sollenberg¹,

Bjurström

Wrangskog³

et al. 1988

Int. Arch Occup Environ Heath

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Styrene exposure of 18 workers in fiberglass reinforced plastic industries was measured for 30-min periods throughout each workday for a week. The styrene uptake was estimated using pulmonary ventilation measurements. All urine voidings were collected separately and the styrene metabolites, mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) were determined. The relationship between both exposure and uptake versus excretion of these metabolites was studied. Styrene metabolite concentrations and excretion rates (with 95% tolerance limits) were calculated to correspond to a constant 8-h exposure at the Swedish exposure limit level (25 ppm) or an uptake of an exposure limit related styrene dose (6.3 mmol). The tightest tolerance limits were obtained for excretion rate of MA + PGA per 24 h. The calculated biological exposure limit was 3.4 (+/- 0.7) mmol MA + PGA/24h for a dose of 6.3 mmol styrene.

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Biological monitoring of styrene metabolites in blood.

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Stereochemical metabolism of styrene in volunteers

Stereochemical metabolism of styrene in volunteers

Styrol [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 1987]

Biological exposure limits estimated from relations between occupational styrene exposure during a workweek and excretion of mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acids in urine

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