Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Benzene in Traffic Policemen of North India.

Verma, Yeshvandra; Kumar, Ajeet; Rana, S. V. S.

doi:10.2486/indhealth.41.260

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…[27] Another interesting study based on traffic policemen from six major town of north India attributed risk of exposure to benzene from fuel exhaust and also discussed how this inhaled benzene metabolised phenol, posing health consequences. [28] Research questions There are very few professional agencies like National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH), Industrial Toxicology Research Center (ITRC), Central Labour Institute are working on researchable issues like Asbestos and asbestos related diseases, Pesticide poisoning, Silica related diseases other than silicosis and Musculoskeletal disorders. [29] Indian occupational health is more complex than a health issue, which Includes child labor; poor industrial legislation; vast informal sector; less attention to industrial hygiene and poor surveillance data.…”

Section: Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of occupational health research in India

Agnihotram

2005

Indian J Occup Environ Med

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Section: Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of occupational health research in India

Agnihotram

2005

Indian J Occup Environ Med

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“…Phenol can also be further hydroxylated to form catechol or 1,4-benzenediol (hydroquinone), both of which can be further hydroxylated to 1,2,4-benzenetriol. 2 Many metabolites have been utilized as biomarkers in humans exposed to benzene, 7,8 and some of them, such as catechol, have marked toxic effects by covalently binding to proteins and DNA. 9 There is a strong relationship between lipophilicity of a compound and its partition coefficient (logP), which is an important parameter to determine whether the molecules are able to cross biological membranes, like those in blood-brain barrier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catechol cytotoxicity in vitro: Induction of glioblastoma cell death by apoptosis

et al. 2010

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The exposure to benzene is a public health problem. Although the most well-known effect of benzene is hematopoietic toxicity, there is little information about the benzene and its metabolites effects on the central nervous system (CNS). This study examined the toxic effects of 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (catechol), a benzene metabolite, to human glioblastoma GL-15 cells. GL-15 cell cultures were used as a model to provide more information about the toxic effects of aromatic compounds to the CNS. Catechol induced time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects. Morphological changes, such as the retraction of the cytoplasm and chromatin clumping, were seen in cells exposed to 200 μM catechol for 48 hours. In cells exposed to 600 μM catechol for 48 hours, 78.0% of them presented condensed nuclei, and the Comet assay showed DNA damage. The percentage of cells labeled with annexin V (apoptotic cells) was greater in the group exposed to catechol (20.7%) than in control cells (0.4%). Exposure to catechol at concentrations greater than 100 μM enhanced Bax levels, and a decrease in Bcl-2 level was observed after the exposure to 600 μM catechol for 48 hours. Furthermore, catechol depleted reduced glutathione. Hence, catechol induced cell death mainly by apoptosis.

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“…For benzene and carbon monoxide (CO) pollution in particular, passenger vehicles (cars and motorbikes) are the dominant urban sources (e.g. Verma et al, 2003;Borgie et al, 2014;Hien et al, 2014;Sood et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2015b;Li et al, 2015), although other sources of these pollutants can be significant in industrial or semi-rural settings (e.g. Byrd et al, 1990;ATSDR, 2007;Fan et al, 2014;Borgie et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2015a and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radon as a tracer of atmospheric influences on traffic-related air pollution in a small inland city

Williams¹,

Chambers²,

Conen³

et al. 2016

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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A B S T R A C T One year of radon, benzene and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations were analysed to characterise the combined influences of variations in traffic density and meteorological conditions on urban air quality in Bern, Switzerland. A recently developed radon-based stability categorisation technique was adapted to account for seasonal changes in day length and reduction in the local radon flux due to snow/ice cover and high soil moisture. Diurnal pollutant cycles were shown to result from an interplay between variations in surface emissions (traffic density), the depth of the nocturnal atmospheric mixing layer (dilution) and local horizontal advection of cleaner air from outside the central urban/industrial area of this small compact inland city. Substantial seasonal differences in the timing and duration of peak pollutant concentrations in the diurnal cycle were attributable to changes in day length and the switching to/from daylight-savings time in relation to traffic patterns. In summer, average peak benzene concentrations (0.62 ppb) occurred in the morning and remained above 0.5 ppb for 2 hours, whereas in winter average peak concentrations (0.85 ppb) occurred in the evening and remained above 0.5 ppb for 9 hours. Under stable conditions in winter, average peak benzene concentrations (1.1 ppb) were 120% higher than for well-mixed conditions (0.5 ppb). By comparison, summertime peak benzene concentrations increased by 53% from well-mixed (0.45 ppb) to stable nocturnal conditions (0.7 ppb). An idealised box model incorporating a simple advection term was used to derive a nocturnal mixing length scale based on radon, and then inverted to simulate diurnal benzene and CO emission variations at the city centre. This method effectively removes the influences of local horizontal advection and stability-related vertical dilution from the emissions signal, enabling a direct comparison with hourly traffic density. With the advection term calibrated appropriately, excellent results were obtained, with high regression coefficients in spring and summer for both benzene (r 2 Â0.90Á0.96) and CO (r 2 Â0.88Á0.98) in the two highest stability categories. Weaker regressions in winter likely indicate additional contributions from combustion sources unrelated to vehicular emissions. Average vehicular emissions during daylight hours were estimated to be around 0.503 (542) kg km (2 h (1 for benzene (CO) in the Bern city centre.

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Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Benzene in Traffic Policemen of North India.

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

An overview of occupational health research in India

An overview of occupational health research in India

Catechol cytotoxicity in vitro: Induction of glioblastoma cell death by apoptosis

Radon as a tracer of atmospheric influences on traffic-related air pollution in a small inland city

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