Biological impacts of organophosphates chlorpyrifos and diazinon on development, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and locomotor activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Cao, Fangjie; Souders, Christopher L.; Li, Pengfei; Pang, Sen; Qiu, Lihong; Martyniuk, Christopher J.

doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2018.10.001

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…For those pesticides with more than one substance per class (organophosphates, pyrethroids), we selected a representative chemical (eg, chlorpyrifos for organophosphates) based on the strongest previous evidence for neurodevelopmental toxicity 48. To further adjust for coexposure, we adjusted for 11 pesticides in logistic models; in sensitivity analyses, a semi-Bayesian approach was used as described elsewhere 49.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal and infant exposure to ambient pesticides and autism spectrum disorder in children: population based case-control study

Ehrenstein

Ling

Cui

et al. 2019

BMJ

206

165

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Objective To examine associations between early developmental exposure to ambient pesticides and autism spectrum disorder. Design Population based case-control study. Setting California’s main agricultural region, Central Valley, using 1998-2010 birth data from the Office of Vital Statistics. Population 2961 individuals with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , fourth edition, revised (up to 31 December 2013), including 445 with intellectual disability comorbidity, were identified through records maintained at the California Department of Developmental Services and linked to their birth records. Controls derived from birth records were matched to cases 10:1 by sex and birth year. Exposure Data from California state mandated Pesticide Use Reporting were integrated into a geographic information system tool to estimate prenatal and infant exposures to pesticides (measured as pounds of pesticides applied per acre/month within 2000 m from the maternal residence). 11 high use pesticides were selected for examination a priori according to previous evidence of neurodevelopmental toxicity in vivo or in vitro (exposure defined as ever v never for each pesticide during specific developmental periods). Main outcome measure Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals using multivariable logistic regression were used to assess associations between pesticide exposure and autism spectrum disorder (with or without intellectual disabilities) in offspring, adjusting for confounders. Results Risk of autism spectrum disorder was associated with prenatal exposure to glyphosate (odds ratio 1.16, 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 1.27), chlorpyrifos (1.13, 1.05 to 1.23), diazinon (1.11, 1.01 to 1.21), malathion (1.11, 1.01 to 1.22), avermectin (1.12, 1.04 to 1.22), and permethrin (1.10, 1.01 to 1.20). For autism spectrum disorder with intellectual disability, estimated odds ratios were higher (by about 30%) for prenatal exposure to glyphosate (1.33, 1.05 to 1.69), chlorpyrifos (1.27, 1.04 to 1.56), diazinon (1.41, 1.15 to 1.73), permethrin (1.46, 1.20 to 1.78), methyl bromide (1.33, 1.07 to 1.64), and myclobutanil (1.32, 1.09 to 1.60); exposure in the first year of life increased the odds for the disorder with comorbid intellectual disability by up to 50% for some pesticide substances. Conclusion Findings suggest that an offspring’s risk of autism spectrum disorder increases following prenatal exposure to ambient pesticides within 2000 m of their mother’s residence during pregnancy, compared with offspring of women from the same agricultural region without such exposure. Infant exposure could further increase risks for autism spectrum disorder with comorbid intellectual disability.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal and infant exposure to ambient pesticides and autism spectrum disorder in children: population based case-control study

Ehrenstein

Ling

Cui

et al. 2019

BMJ

206

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recently, different studies have shown the teratogenic and gene expression effects of CPF induction in different animals. In zebrafish, CPF exposure has resulted in decreased hatching rate and increased apoptosis rate . Studies in common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) have indicated that chlorpyrifos can induce oxidative stress and apoptosis through regulating the miR‐19a‐AMPK pathway in the kidney and can suppress neutrophil extracellular traps by inhibiting respiratory burst and increasing necroptosis which is caused by the PKC/MAPK Pathway .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA methylation changes of apoptotic genes in organogenesis stage of mice embryos by maternal chlorpyrifos induction

Barzi

Eftekhari

Doroud

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology

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The continued use of pesticides is one of the requirements of modern agriculture.Investigations have shown that pesticides can alter gene methylation and expression and subsequently may lead to abortion or birth of embryos with teratogenic disorders. In present study, 30 female NMRI mouse were divided in three experimental groups which in the CPF group, intraperitoneal chlorpyrifos was injected, in the sham group, DMSO was injected, and the control group without injection. The mice were mated and utinized 10 days' post gestation. The number of embryos in each fertilized female, maternal weight, and liver fibrosis was evaluated. The apoptosis pathway genes (caspase3, caspase9) and protein expressions (pro-caspase3, caspase3) of the embryos were evaluated with qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. The DNA methylation of caspase3 and caspase9 were also assessed. The number of embryos and obtained maternal weight from the CPF group was significantly lower than other two groups. The mRNA expression of Caspase3 and Caspase9 were significantly higher in the CPF group. The protein expression evaluation confirmed the results achieved at the mRNA level. The percentage of Caspase9 DNA methylation in embryos collected from the CPF group was higher compared to the others. It can be considered that consumption of chlorpyrifos toxin can alter the DNA methylation and increase the expression of apoptotic genes. Therefore, continuous use of chlopyrifos may affect pregnancy by increasing the apoptosis pathway in the developing embryos which may lead to abortion or teratogenic disorders in newborn infants. K E Y W O R D Sapoptotic genes, chlorpyrifos, DNA methylation, embryo, organogenesis stage

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“…Zebrafish embryos were treated for 7 dpf with CPF at 0 (0.1% DMSO, vol/vol), 0.1, and 1.0 μM (Cao et al, ). At 10 and 25 μM, there was 100% mortality.…”

Section: Neurodevelopmental and Neurobehavioral Effects Of Cpf In Rodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Developmental effects after CPF treatment in zebrafish embryos (Table 8) Zebrafish embryos were treated for 7 dpf with CPF at 0 (0.1% DMSO, vol/vol), 0.1, and 1.0 μM (Cao et al, 2018). At 10 and 25 μM, there was 100% mortality.…”

Section: Neurodevelopmental and Neurobehavioral Outcomes In Zebrafishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low‐dose chlorpyrifos on neurobehavior and potential mechanisms: A review of studies in rodents, zebrafish, and Caenorhabditis elegans

Silva

2020

Birth Defects Research

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Objectives Exposure to chlorpyrifos (CPF), a neurotoxic insecticide, is implicated with adverse neurodevelopmental effects in children through noncholinergic mechanisms. Methods This review presents qualitative and quantitative evidence in three animal models (rodent, zebrafish, and Caenorhabditis elegans), for neurodevelopmental and behavioral effects occurring at CPF doses lower than those inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Results CPF treatment in rodents at low noncholinergic doses during neurodevelopment showed behavioral effects, including locomotor activity, neuromotor function (NMF), cognition, anxiety, social behavior, and maternal care. Zebrafish and C. elegans, which are transparent during development, allow for detailed analysis of specific systems; further, they exhibit neurotoxic effects closely emulating those observed in mammalian pathways. Qualitative results showed concordance among rodents, zebrafish and C. elegans for adverse effects on locomotor activity, NMF, and AChE inhibition. Male rodents had greater sensitivity for effects on locomotor activity than females and exposure during the gestation day 10–14 window showed consistent increases in locomotor activity at low CPF doses (≤1.0 mg kg−1 day−1). Zebrafish had cognitive and anxiety deficits after CPF treatment at low doses and young adult C. elegans had reproductive dysfunction associated NMF and disruption of the serotonergic pathway. Quantitative data for all three species showed neurobehavioral effects after exposure to CPF doses approximately 2–10‐fold below the threshold for AChE inhibition. Conclusions Taken together, these findings provided a weight‐of‐evidence for low‐dose CPF neurotoxicity and noncholinergic mechanisms. Variability in laboratories, exposure methods, tests, sex, and animal species/strain might have contributed to the inconsistent results. The detrimental CPF effects during early development are relevant to human populations.

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Biological impacts of organophosphates chlorpyrifos and diazinon on development, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and locomotor activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Cited by 47 publications

References 64 publications

Prenatal and infant exposure to ambient pesticides and autism spectrum disorder in children: population based case-control study

Prenatal and infant exposure to ambient pesticides and autism spectrum disorder in children: population based case-control study

DNA methylation changes of apoptotic genes in organogenesis stage of mice embryos by maternal chlorpyrifos induction

Effects of low‐dose chlorpyrifos on neurobehavior and potential mechanisms: A review of studies in rodents, zebrafish, and Caenorhabditis elegans

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