Biological, geological and chemical effects of oxygen injection in underground gas storage aquifers in the setting of biomethane deployment

Geological storage of hydrogen in deep aquifers – an experimental multidisciplinary study

“…2.4.a High-pressure reactor. As described in Haddad et al, 4 the experimental apparatus was composed of a high-pressure reactor (Fig. 2) made of Hastelloy C-276 with a maximum operating pressure and temperature of 150 bar and 150 1C, respectively.…”

“…In order to assess the variations in the gas phase, an in line gas chromatography with a micro-thermal conductivity detector (GC-mTCD; Micro GC Fusion; Chemlys; France) was used in agreement with the specifications detailed previously. 4 The measurements were performed in triplicate and the measurement uncertainty was 5%.…”

“…The acquisitions were performed using a Zeiss Xradia Versa 510 X-ray microscope, as previously described in ref. 4.…”

“…[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] In deep aquifers used for geological storage, H 2 is supposed to be mainly produced from the fermentation of organic molecules and consumed by some sulfate-reducers, homoacetogens and methanogens. 4,[28][29][30] It has long been known that these three functional groups may compete for this resource, 25,[31][32][33] along with other compounds found in underground systems. But the consequences for the storage can be significant: consumption of H 2 (and CO 2 ), production of methane and/or sulfide with modification of the gas quality, pyrite precipitates, toxicity, and even tubing corrosion.…”

“…Used for their large capacities and capability to store natural gas, deep aquifers represent attractive underground storage systems. 4 However, H 2 properties must be taken into consideration since H 2 is different from the usual stored gases such as methane, air and carbon dioxide. 5,6 H 2 injection with natural gas in the underground storage sites may promote reactions between the subsurface minerals and fluids, thus altering the storage properties.…”