Biological fixed film systems

Huang, Jason; Hao, Oliver J.; Al-Ghusain, Ibrahim A.; Chen, Jin M.; Kim, Mike H.; Phull, Kotu K.; Davis, Allen P.

doi:10.1002/j.1554-7531.1992.tb00010.x

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Natural adsorption as an immobilization method is widely used for wastewater treatment, including within the food industry (Huang et al, 1992). However, adsorption techniques are not as common in food production (Bakoyianis et al, 1992;Jain et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Immobilization of Cells for Application in the Food Industry

Groboillot

Boadi

Poncelet

et al. 1994

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

165

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Immobilization of cells offers advantages to the food process industries, including enhanced fermentation productivity and cell stability and reduced downstream processing costs due to facilitated cell recovery and recycle. This article summarizes the varied immobilization methodologies, including adsorption, entrapment, covalent binding, and microencapsulation. Examples of interest to the food industry are provided, together with a review of the physiological effects of immobilization. Topics in process engineering include immobilized cell bioreactor configurations and the scale-up potential of the various immobilization techniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Immobilization of Cells for Application in the Food Industry

Groboillot

Boadi

Poncelet

et al. 1994

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

165

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“…Multiple studies have been developed about the effect of the support configuration on the efficiency of the process (Huang et al, 1992;Bower et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introduction T He Increasing Concentration Of the Population Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic Distribution Effect on a Real-Scale Trickling Filter

Pozo¹,

Diez²,

Garrido³

et al. 2002

Environmental Engineering Science

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In this work, the influence of several operational parameters on the efficiency of a real-scale trickling filter placed in an urban wastewater treatment plant in Mexico, is discussed. Special attention is placed on the parameters that influence the biofilm hydraulics such as the instantaneous dosing intensity (SK) and the radial distribution of the superficial hydraulic load. The low speed of the distribution arms forced an instantaneous dosing intensity of 150 mm/pass, resulting in a short liquid retention time of 32 s, which was the reason why a poor COD removal efficiency was obtained. The average removal is 36%, although the daily efficiencies increase with increasing inlet COD concentrations. However, the high shear forces of the water provides a constant and homogenous biofilm detachment, avoiding filter clogging because of the solids. Finally, a slight decrease in the theoretical efficiency has been found due to a nonuniform radial distribution of flow, because the real superficial load is too high in the center of the filter.

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“…Over the last several years, an advanced noninvasive flow-visualization technique of electrical resistance tomography (ERT) has been widely exploited in both industrial processes and academia due to its high-speed imaging capability. Some of the ERT applications are drainage of porous media, two-phase pipe flow, trickling filters, investigation of single-phase mixing operations, − monitoring of the stability of reaction in a polymerization reactor, assessment of gas hold-up, bubble size, mixing time of two-phase liquid–gas mixing operations, − and assessment of the mixing quality in solid suspensions. − Mirshekari and Pakzad employed ERT to investigate the homogeneity of the two-phase immiscible liquid–liquid system. Kaminoyama et al utilized ERT to monitor the stability of reaction and dispersion states in a suspension polymerization reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Performance of a High-Speed Scott Turbon Mixer in Immiscible Liquid–Liquid Mixing through Endoscopy, Tomography, CFD, and Statistical Methods

Kazemzadeh

Turcotte

Ein‐Mozaffari

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The performance of a high-speed Scott Turbon impeller in immiscible liquid− liquid dispersions was explored. In the current study, the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the high-speed Scott impeller in the immiscible liquid−liquid mixing operation in terms of the mixing index (MI), droplet size (d 32 ), and power consumption using four independent variables: impeller type, impeller speed, oil volume fraction, and oil type. An advanced visualization technique, electrical resistance tomography (ERT), was used to determine the mixing index of the liquid−liquid dispersions, while an endoscopy technique was utilized for the droplet size measurement. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed and used to investigate the flow field generated by the high-speed Scott Turbon mixer. A statistical-based experimental design (DOE) model with response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to assess the influence of the independent variables and their interactive effects on the mixing index and oil droplet size. The highest mixing index values were achieved by the smooth disk impeller, while the smallest Sauter mean oil diameters were attained with the toothed disk impeller with a narrow droplet size distribution. Both oil type and oil volume fraction had the most impact on the mixing index of the immiscible liquid−liquid dispersions, while both oil type and impeller speed had a strong influence on the Sauter mean diameter.

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Biological fixed film systems

Cited by 13 publications

References 109 publications

Immobilization of Cells for Application in the Food Industry

Immobilization of Cells for Application in the Food Industry

Hydraulic Distribution Effect on a Real-Scale Trickling Filter

Analysis of the Performance of a High-Speed Scott Turbon Mixer in Immiscible Liquid–Liquid Mixing through Endoscopy, Tomography, CFD, and Statistical Methods

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