Biological Evaluation, Phytochemical Screening, and Fabrication of Indigofera linifolia Leaves Extract-Loaded Nanoparticles

Talha, Muhammad; Islam, Noor; Zahoor, Muhammad; Sadiq, Abdul; Nawaz, Asif; Khan, Farhat Ali; Gulfam, Naila; Alshamrani, Saleh; Nahari, Mohammed H; Alshahrani, Mohammed Abdulrahman; Mahnashi, Mater H.; Hassan, Syed Shams ul

doi:10.3390/molecules27154707

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This is due to the presence of pharmacologically active compounds in the herbs. It is evidenced that health promoting effects of herbal extracts could be enhanced with the nanoencapsulation [ 26 , 27 ]. Nanocarriers simultaneously potentiate the action of phytoconstituents, minimize their degradation, and protect bioactive compounds from undesirable conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antioxidant activity of alginate nanoparticles encapsulating the aqueous extract of Coccinia grandis L.

SILVA,

ATTANAYAKE,

ARAWWAWALA

et al. 2023

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

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Bioactive compounds in medicinal plants are more susceptible to preventing oxidative stress. Encapsulation of herbal extracts has empowered the properties and characteristics of bioactive compounds. Nanoencapsulation allows the enhancement of the stability of extracts and targeted drug delivery. The present study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of alginate nanoparticles encapsulating the aqueous extract of Coccinia grandis L. (Family: Cucurbitaceae). The aqueous extract of C. grandis (AqCG) was prepared by using ultrasonication (40 °C, 20 min, 40 kHz) followed by refluxing (2½ h). The prepared AqCG (1–5 mg/mL) encapsulated alginate nanoparticles were synthesized by ionic gelation with the addition of extracts and CaCl 2 . Characterization of nanoparticles was performed via encapsulation efficiency (EE%), loading capacity (LC%), particle size (PS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated in vitro by the ferric reducing antioxidant (FRAP) assay, 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s posthoc test was used to analyze the data. Maximum LC% (3.07 ± 0.11) and average particle size (71 nm from SEM) were obtained for alginate nanoparticles encapsulated at 4 mg/mL extract concentration. The IC 50 values for DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP were 6.49 ± 0.10 mg/mL, 0.24 ± 0.01 mg/mL, and 20.63 ± 0.28 mg Trolox equivalent/g of extract respectively for alginate nanoparticles encapsulating the AqCG. Nanoparticles have shown a significant difference in IC 50 values compared to Trolox (p < 0.05). The successful encapsulation of the AqCG in the alginate matrix was evidenced by FTIR and SEM analysis. Encapsulation contributed to enhancing the antioxidant activity in terms of ABTS assay when compared to the AqCG. However, in vitro release and stability studies are warranted to facilitate the development of a commercially viable nanonutraceutical using alginate nanoparticles encapsulating the AqCG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antioxidant activity of alginate nanoparticles encapsulating the aqueous extract of Coccinia grandis L.

SILVA,

ATTANAYAKE,

ARAWWAWALA

et al. 2023

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

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“…The extracts of medicinal plants contain secondary metabolites including alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, and phenols, possessing anti-diabetic and other various therapeutic effects. 15 Brucine is a white crystalline powder with a mild alkaline indole alkaloid. It is extracted from S. Nux-vomica, which possesses a potential inhibitory effect of α-amylase and αglucosidase at various concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, diabetes can be managed by lowering post-prandial glucose levels. The extracts of medicinal plants contain secondary metabolites including alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, and phenols, possessing anti-diabetic and other various therapeutic effects …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-diabetic Activity of Brucine in Streptozotocin-Induced Rats: In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Studies

et al. 2022

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex and multiple group of disorders, and understanding the molecular mechanisms is a key role in identifying various markers involved in the diagnosis of the disease. Brucine is derived from the seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica L. (Loganiaceae), which has been used in traditional medicine to cure a variety of ailments, such as chronic rheumatism, nervous system diseases, dyspepsia, gonorrhea, anemia, and bronchitis, and has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-snake venom, and anti-diabetic properties. The anti-diabetic potential of brucine was studied utilizing in vitro, in silico, in vivo, and molecular methods, including streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat models, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory assays, and via Auto-DocVina software. Brucine exhibits binding affinities of −5.0 to −10.1 Kcal/mol against chosen protein targets, according to an in silico investigation. In vitro studies revealed that brucine inhibited the enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and brucine (20 mg/kg) reduced blood glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance overload, body weight, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase and elevated high-density lipoprotein levels in in vivo studies. The brucine binding energy against certain protein targets ranges from −5.0 to −10.1 Kcal/mol. It has anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, which are mediated via inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase.

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“…α -GLU inhibition was performed on a 96-well microplate using a modified method described by Talha et al [ 27 ]. In the α -GLU inhibition assay, each well contained 40 μL of the PCR sample and 40 μL of the α-GLU solution (0.15 U/mL, dissolved in 100 mM of phosphate buffer, pH 6.8).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Tyrosinase, Xanthine Oxidase, and α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix by Ultrafiltration and HPLC Analysis

Chen

Huang

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix (PCR), the rhizome and root of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc., has been used as an herbal medicine for a long time. In this study, the ultrafiltration combined with high performance liquid chromatography (UF-HPLC) method was developed to screen tyrosinase (TYR), α-glucosidase (α-GLU), and xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitors from PCR. Firstly, the inhibitory activity of 50% methanol PCR extract on TYR, α-GLU, XOD, and acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) was tested. The extract showed a good inhibition on the enzymes, except for ACHE. Therefore, UF-HPLC experiments were carried out to screen TYR, α-GLU, and XOD inhibitors from PCR extract. Seven potential bioactive components were discovered, including methylgallate (1), 1,6-di-O-galloyl-D-glucose (2), polydatin-4′-O-D-glucoside (3), resveratrol-4′-O-D-glucoside (4), polydatin (5), malonyl glucoside resveratrol (6), and resveratrol-5-O-D-glucoside (7). Most of them were found as enzyme inhibitors from PCR for the first time, except polydatin (5), which had been reported as an α-GLUI in PCR in the literature. Finally, molecular docking analysis was applied to validate the interactions of these seven potential active components with the enzymes. Compounds 1–7 were proven as TYR inhibitors, compounds 2, 4–7 were identified as XOD inhibitors, and compounds 4–6 were confirmed as α-GLU inhibitors. In short, the current study provides a good reference for the screening of enzyme inhibitors through UF-HPLC, and provides scientific data for future studies of PCR.

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Biological Evaluation, Phytochemical Screening, and Fabrication of Indigofera linifolia Leaves Extract-Loaded Nanoparticles

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

In vitro antioxidant activity of alginate nanoparticles encapsulating the aqueous extract of Coccinia grandis L.

In vitro antioxidant activity of alginate nanoparticles encapsulating the aqueous extract of Coccinia grandis L.

Anti-diabetic Activity of Brucine in Streptozotocin-Induced Rats: In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Studies

Screening of Tyrosinase, Xanthine Oxidase, and α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix by Ultrafiltration and HPLC Analysis

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