Biological evaluation of a methanol-soluble, heat-stable Escherichia coli enterotoxin in infant mice, pigs, rabbits, and calves

Burgess, M N; Bywater, R.J.; Cowley, C M; Mullan, N. A.; Newsome, P. M.

doi:10.1128/iai.21.2.526-531.1978

Cited by 240 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…STa and STb can be categorized on the basis of their solubility in methanol and protease resistance. STa is methanol soluble, protease resistant whereas STb is methanol insoluble and protease sensitive (Burgess et al, 1978). On the other hand, STb shares no homology with STa either at the structural or the functional level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Escherichia coliSTb toxin and colibacillosis: knowing is half the battle

Dubreuil¹

2008

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Expression of both adherence and enterotoxin expression are required for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains to cause colibacillosis. ETEC strains are responsible for diarrhea in humans and animals by production of various enterotoxins. For many years, the role of the heat-stable E. coli enterotoxin STb as a diarrhea-causing toxin in animals, and in particular in swine, has been controversial. In fact, although the presence of STb-positive E. coli strains and diarrhea in animals is frequently observed, the difficulty of reproducing the pathology in an animal model was interpreted as a lack of toxicity. Recently, new light was shed on the activity of STb in intestinal ligated loops and in pigs orally inoculated with STb-positive E. coli strains. This minireview revisits the effects of STb on the intestinal epithelium and enlightens the significance of STb in swine colibacillosis. The interaction of STb toxin with other E. coli enterotoxins and dual ETEC/enteropathogenic E. coli or ETEC/attaching effacing E. coli infections are also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Escherichia coliSTb toxin and colibacillosis: knowing is half the battle

Dubreuil¹

2008

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…Hence, it is responsible for significant economic losses. The fluid secretions induced by ETEC strains have been shown to be mediated by two families of enterotoxin: the heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) and the heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) (Burgess et al, 1978;Greenberg & Guerrant, 1980). Two types of ST (STa and STb), which differ functionally and structurally, have been described (Kennedy et al, 1984;Lockwood & Robertson, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the cattle serum antibody responses against TEM β-lactamase and the nonimmunogenicEscherichia coliheat-stable enterotoxin (STal)

Zervosen

Saegerman

Antoniotti

et al. 2008

FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol

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In order to test the use of a subunit recombinant vaccine for its capacity to induce antibodies against the nonimmunogenic heat-stable enterotoxin STa from Escherichia coli and the TEM-1 beta-lactamase, cattle were immunized with a hybrid protein created by insertion of the STa sequence at position 197 of the TEM-1 beta-lactamase. Specific anti-STa IgG and IgG1 antibodies were detected at low levels, while no IgG2 antibodies were detected. In contrast, high levels of the different anti-TEM IgG subtypes were detected in cattle sera. In addition, beta-lactamase activity was inhibited by the sera. The presence of antibodies against STa and TEM-1 beta-lactamase was assessed in sera from 366 cattle taken from the field. No significant level of IgGs against the toxin or the TEM-1 was detected. A comparison of the antibody level between the immunized and the nonimmunized animals clearly demonstrated that STa was not able to induce a significant level of antibodies in the vaccinated animals. In contrast, a strong antibody response against TEM-1 beta-lactamase was demonstrated.

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“…Some strains of these serovars produce a heat-stable enterotoxin, designated as non-agglutinable Vibrio ST or NAG-ST [3,4]. The NAG-ST, which has been puri¢ed to homogenity, belongs to the methanol-soluble, infant mouse-active class of stable toxin, is a small peptide of 17 amino acid residues that shares 50% sequence homology with the STa of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli [3,5,6]. Although, most of the studies on NAG-ST were done on the structural aspect, but the action mechanism of this enterotoxin is still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of calcium influx across the plasma membrane depends upon the initial rise of cytosolic calcium with activation of IP3 in rat enterocytes by heat-stable enterotoxin of Vibrio cholerae non-O1

Hoque¹

2001

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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In response to heat-stable enterotoxin of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, the initial rise of cytosolic 2 entry to the cell as assessed by Mn 2 quenching of fura-2 fluorescence which suggested that calcium influx across the plasma membrane depends upon initial rise of this bivalent cation that maintained the sustained phase of [Ca 2 ]i response. Addition of toxin to the fura-2-loaded cells, preincubated with lanthanum chloride, resulted in reduction of [Ca 2 ]i level with a short duration of irregular sustained phase further suggesting that the influx of Ca 2 across the plasma membrane might be through the calcium channel. ß

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Biological evaluation of a methanol-soluble, heat-stable Escherichia coli enterotoxin in infant mice, pigs, rabbits, and calves

Cited by 240 publications

References 30 publications

Escherichia coliSTb toxin and colibacillosis: knowing is half the battle

Escherichia coliSTb toxin and colibacillosis: knowing is half the battle

Characterization of the cattle serum antibody responses against TEM β-lactamase and the nonimmunogenicEscherichia coliheat-stable enterotoxin (STal)

Evidence of calcium influx across the plasma membrane depends upon the initial rise of cytosolic calcium with activation of IP3 in rat enterocytes by heat-stable enterotoxin of Vibrio cholerae non-O1

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