Biological effects of static magnetic field exposure in the context of MR-guided radiotherapy

Abstract

Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) aims to minimise uncertainties in treatment delivery through the use of medical imaging at frequent intervals throughout the patient's treatment course. One recent IGRT development has been the integration of MRI with a radiotherapy treatment machine. 1

Chemoradiotherapy screening in a novel biomimetic polymer based pancreatic cancer model

“…Having a low-cost robust screening system for PDAC radiotherapy screening is particularly important not only because radiation on PDAC has been understudied, but furthermore, due to the limited availability of preclinical (animal) facilities for standard radiotherapy screening and the complete lack of animal facilities to screen novel radiotherapy regimes. More specically, novel radiotherapy regimes, e.g., with protons or in the presence of high magnetic elds as with MRI-linear accelerators, [98][99][100] are generally understudied and, considering the output of the ESPAC trial and others for PDAC (see above), novel radiation approaches could be more efficient. Indeed, there are some clinical trials on proton therapy which show promising results for PDAC.…”

Double-strand breaks in lymphocyte DNA of humans exposed to [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose and the static magnetic field in PET/MRI

“…Patients undergoing PET/MRI examinations are continuously exposed to both agents over a longer period. Moreover, various cell and animal studies found that SMF in combination with ionising radiation produces a significantly different outcome compared with ionising radiation alone [13]. Since synergisms were observed even when the SMF was applied before or after irradiation, changes of the dose distribution by SMFs can likely be excluded as a relevant interaction mechanism [13], as supported by Monte Carlo simulations [14,15].…”

“…Moreover, various cell and animal studies found that SMF in combination with ionising radiation produces a significantly different outcome compared with ionising radiation alone [13]. Since synergisms were observed even when the SMF was applied before or after irradiation, changes of the dose distribution by SMFs can likely be excluded as a relevant interaction mechanism [13], as supported by Monte Carlo simulations [14,15]. A recent review on combined effects of the two agents [13] concluded that the current evidence is insufficient to identify the underlying mechanism(s) of the observed synergisms.…”

“…Since synergisms were observed even when the SMF was applied before or after irradiation, changes of the dose distribution by SMFs can likely be excluded as a relevant interaction mechanism [13], as supported by Monte Carlo simulations [14,15]. A recent review on combined effects of the two agents [13] concluded that the current evidence is insufficient to identify the underlying mechanism(s) of the observed synergisms. The authors suppose that SMF may (i) modify one or more steps in the DNA damage response, (ii) influence the yield or lifetime of reactive oxygen species responsible for indirect DNA damage, or (iii) influence intracellular signalling implicated in non-targeted radiation-induced effects.…”

Towards recognizing the mechanisms of effects evoked in living organisms by static magnetic field. Numerically simulated effects of the static magnetic field upon simple inorganic molecules.

“…There are a considerable number of monographs [1][2][3] and papers [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] characterizing the effects of all kinds of magnetic field upon flora and fauna. Currently, a focus is noted on the effect of magnetic resonance imaging on humans [13][14][15][16] . There are several reports with well documented biological effects of magnetic field.…”