Biological effects of iodine, selenium, sulfur citrates in broiler chickens

Abstract

This study aimed at the assessment of the I, Se, S citrate effect on the organism of broiler chickens. Feeding of chickens of all groups was carried out by using standard balanced feeds – starter, grower, and finish with the use of group feeders placed at the appropriate height from the floor depending on the poultry height. For the chickens of experimental groups, I, Se, S citrate was added to drinking water daily during the 48th day. To the drinking water of chickens of experimental groups different amounts of the citrate solution were added I (200 mg/L), Se (50 mg/L), S (300 mg/L), prepared by the nanotechnology method. Chickens of the II group received the lowest dose of I, Se, S at the rate of 5 μg I/L, 1.25 μg Se/L, 7.5 μg S/L of drinking water, and for poultry of other experimental groups, it was increased by 2 (III), 4 (IV), 6 (V) and 8 (VI) times compared to II group. Coccidiostat "Kokcisan 12%" (KRKA, Slovenia) was added to the starter and grower feed at the stages of its manufacture in quantities of 0.5 kg/t of feed. Coccidiostat was not added to the final feed. During the 48-day technological period, the clinical condition of the poultry was monitored daily by forage and motor activity, safety, and every 7 days – for growth intensity with the individual determination of body weight on a laboratory scale. The investigation of the blood was carried out from the 35th or 48th day during the growing, period and also investigation of the internal organs – liver, heart, spleen, stomach, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius. The increase of cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and albumin in the blood of II, III, and VI chicken groups was established on the 35th day of the experiment, and the reduction of creatinine in III and VI groups. By that time, the effect of highest dose of I, Se, S caused a decrease in the T3 concentration in the blood of chickens in the VI group compared to the I and II groups. In particular, in the blood of chickens of IV, V and VI groups compared to the I, II, III group under these conditions there was a significant increase in the content of urea, Ca, P, cholesterol, as well as albumin – only in IV group on the 48th day. Triacylglycerols’ content increased in the blood serum of chickens in III and IV groups compared to the II and V groups, but in V group – decreased compared to the III, IV groups. The increase in liver, thymus, and heart mass in the II and V chicken groups was noticed and their decrease in the VI group was revealed compared with the control group. Reliable lower coefficients of the body mass of chickens of III and VI groups may indicate a less notable stimulating biological effect of I, Se, S citrate in these doses on liver development than on the whole organism. The addition of I, Se, S citrate to broiler chickens during the period of growing revealed the difference in their biological action in the presence and absence of the Kokcisan 12% in a mixed fodder. A more notable stimulating effect of low dose of I, Se, S citrate on the growth and development on the chickens' organism was established during the withdrawal of coccidiostatics from their diet. The effect may be due to its inhibitory influence on the biological activity of these elements in the first 35 days of growing. In the final period of chicken growing and withdrawal of ionophore Kokcisan from the diet more noticeable changes were revealed in the studied parameters.

Blood parameters of rabbits given different amounts of iodine citrate

“…However, there is not much literature data to justify its quantities, while in commercial diets for rabbits it is used in different amounts. Conducted research on the use of organic iodine in compounds with other elements resulted in positive changes in their body (Boiko et al, 2021;Fedoruk et al, 2021). Literature data indicate the need for periodic studies of the blood of rabbits with industrial maintenance, as an effective and rapid marker of providing their body with nutrients from the diet (Chmurska-Gąsowska et al, 2021).…”

“…Compared to Groups I, II, III, under these conditions, the content of urea, Ca, P, cholesterol, and albumin in the blood of chickens of Groups IV, V, and VI significantly increased only in Group IV on the 48 th day. The results obtained indicate a different effect of nano-supplementation depending on the amount used (Fedoruk et al, 2021). A study was conducted to investigate the properties of iodine-containing nanoparticles that can absorb X-rays and determine the boundaries of the tumour in a fluorescent way.…”

Biological influence of nanotechnological j, se, s citrates in broiler chickens in the second period of rearing

“…Проведені в ІБТ НААН у 2008-2021 роках дослідження з введення до питної води лабораторним і продуктивним тваринам цитратів Cr, Fe, Ge, J, Se, S, Ni показали високу фізіологічну активність їх в організмі [4,15]. Результати цих досліджень висвітлені у понад 80 публікаціях, у т. ч. з використанням нанотехнологічних цитратів J, Se, S у живленні щурів [15,20] та курчат-бройлерів [16,21]. Експериментальні дослідження впливу нанотехнологічних цитратів J, Se, S на орга-нізм щурів і курчат-бройлерів були проведені за використання різних доз цих елементів без зміни в раціонах рівня нормованого їх забезпечення [4,14,15].…”

Lipid composition and peroxidation products in the body tissues in bees under the action of different doses of nanotechnological Ge citrate and the probiotic Lactobacillus casei В-7280

“…Therefore, there is a trend of active study of new effective means of natural origin to fight diseases and improve honey bees' health, which helps to avoid many side effects. It has been proven that the mechanisms of their action differ from synthetic substances and drugs due to the activation of the body's protective reactions at the physiological level [9,11,32].…”